Evaluation of the reliability of solar micro-grids in emerging markets – Issues and solutions

Numminen, Sini; Lund, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.esd.2018.10.006

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 76 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although caution must always be placed on data collected from surveys, the large difference between the reported reliability from the two World Bank surveys is still striking as also noted by Taneja (2017) and Ayaburi et al (2020). If the ESMI data is taken as representative of regional household electricity reliability, then the difference in reliability between ESMI and the customer surveys indicates that customers may in fact be significantly underreporting grid unreliability, contrary to most literature that indicates that customers tend to overestimate supply problems (Numminen and Lund 2019).…”

Section: Status Quo: Comparing Saidi and Saifimentioning

confidence: 94%

Measuring the reliability of SDG 7: the reasons, timing, and fairness of outage distribution for household electricity access solutions

Ferrall

Callaway

Kammen

2022

Environ. Res. Commun.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The United Nations identifies ensuring “access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all” as one of its Sustainable Development Goals for 2030. This article focuses on the comparatively under-investigated question of reliability within the broader goal. We empirically study experienced household electricity reliability using common frameworks in key countries such as Tanzania, Kenya, and India. Datasets represent a diverse set of technologies including solar home systems (SHS), solar pico-grids, and national electricity grids. First, the prevailing reliability metrics - SAIDI and SAIFI – are measured for all datasets. Informed by critical assessments, this article then proposes a suite of new metrics that facilitate improved reliability comparisons by considering the reasons, timing, and fairness of outage distribution. Analyses using our proposed metrics reveal key policy implications for addressing energy poverty in the Global South. Acknowledging that the systems studied provide different capacity, affordability, and carbon footprints, we find that on average, SHS provided comparable hours of lighting to local grid connections, however SHS outages were less equally distributed than those from other sources. In addition, calculations of grid reliability were highly sensitive to measurement techniques and assumptions used, necessitating high resolution data for policy decisions. Finally, economically driven outages conspicuous in pre-paid SHS systems (i.e., disconnections for non-payment) composed a significant portion of experienced unreliability. These findings quantify the important contribution of demand-side affordability to experienced household reliability, thereby allowing for a comprehensive understanding of the reliability of SDG 7.

show abstract

Section: Status Quo: Comparing Saidi and Saifimentioning

confidence: 94%

Measuring the reliability of SDG 7: the reasons, timing, and fairness of outage distribution for household electricity access solutions

Ferrall

Callaway

Kammen

2022

Environ. Res. Commun.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Reliability assessment of a power distribution network is a measure of the adequacy of electricity supply available to the customers of different load points. The commonly used load point indices are average failure rate (λ i ), average duration of outage (r i ) and average annual outage time (U i ) [25,26]. Since, reliable supply is one of the important requirements of a smart city, therefore these indices are evaluated for various load points of Rampur city which helps in assessing its distribution network performance.…”

Section: Reliability Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is observed that with the deployment of microgrid, the average failure rate and average outage duration to the load points of feeders F2, F3 and F4 are decreased and consequently a significant decrease in annual average outage duration is achieved, thereby enhancing the distribution network reliability. The reliability assessment of the distribution network is also done on the basis of evaluation of several system reliability indices such as system average interruption failure index (SAIFI), system average interruption duration index (SAIDI), customer average interruption duration index (CAIDI), energy not supplied (ENS) and average energy not supplied (AENS) [25,26]. These indices are most common and are widely used to assess the distribution network performance.…”

Section: Reliability Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact Assessment of Microgrid in Smart Cities: Indian Perspective

Warsi

Siddiqui

Kirmani

et al. 2019

Technol Econ Smart Grids Sustain Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Access to reliable electricity is one of the key enablers of social and economic development. Smart energy and electricity network are one of the key factors in making a city smart; a detailed analysis considering aspects like environmental, energy, economic and societal impacts have to be done for their harmonized inclusion in the smart city design. Increasing energy demand and environmental concerns has led the way for cost effective microgrids with energy storage and backup generation which helps in minimizing energy imbalance, reducing losses and carbon emission, enhancing the overall reliability and resilience of the system. This paper first discusses the main impact of deployment of microgrids in smart cities considering different aspects like societal, economic and environmental. In the later stages of the paper a benefit analysis of microgrids adoption in one of the smart city located in the state of Uttar Pradesh is presented in terms of reliability enhancement and reduction of system losses.

show abstract

“…Reliability models have been developed for other areas as well. For example, Numminen and Lund [15] developed a qualitative framework to assess the reliability of micro-grids. In Numminen and Lund [15], the important factors that decrease reliability were identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Numminen and Lund [15] developed a qualitative framework to assess the reliability of micro-grids. In Numminen and Lund [15], the important factors that decrease reliability were identified. These factors include the design, installation, and operation and maintenance of local grids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, optimisation and reliability allocation for energy systems based on equipment function and operating capacity

Andiappan

Benjamin

Tan

et al. 2019

Heliyon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Designers of energy systems often face challenges in balancing the trade-off between cost and reliability. In literature, several papers have presented mathematical models for optimizing the reliability and cost of energy systems. However, the previous models only addressed reliability implicitly, i.e., based on availability and maintenance planning. Others focused on allocation of reliability based on individual equipment requirements via non-linear models that require high computational effort. This work proposes a novel mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model that combines the use of both input-output (I-O) modelling and linearized parallel system reliability expressions. The proposed MILP model can optimize the design and reliability of energy systems based on equipment function and operating capacity. The model allocates equipment with sufficient reliability to meet system functional requirements and determines the required capacity. A simple pedagogical example is presented in this work to illustrate the features of proposed MILP model. The MILP model is then applied to a polygeneration case study consisting of two scenarios. In the first scenario, the polygeneration system was optimized based on specified reliability requirements. The technologies chosen for Scenario 1 were the CHP module, reverse osmosis unit and vapour compression chiller. The total annualized cost (TAC) for Scenario 1 was 53.3 US$ million/year. In the second scenario, the minimum reliability level for heat production was increased. The corresponding results indicated that an additional auxiliary boiler must be operated to meet the new requirements. The resulting TAC for the Scenario 2 was 5.3% higher than in the first scenario.

show abstract

Evaluation of the reliability of solar micro-grids in emerging markets – Issues and solutions

Cited by 18 publications

References 76 publications

Measuring the reliability of SDG 7: the reasons, timing, and fairness of outage distribution for household electricity access solutions

Measuring the reliability of SDG 7: the reasons, timing, and fairness of outage distribution for household electricity access solutions

Impact Assessment of Microgrid in Smart Cities: Indian Perspective

Design, optimisation and reliability allocation for energy systems based on equipment function and operating capacity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About