Evaluation of the Systolic and Diastolic Right Ventricular Function: A Comparison Between Diabetes, Prediabetes and Normal Patients Without Coronary Artery Disease

Early impairment of right ventricular systolic function in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: An analysis of two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography

“…Researchers have found that the right ventricle is essential to sustaining overall cardiac function and that right ventricular dysfunction can affect left ventricle function not only by limiting the preload of the left ventricle but also by affecting the septal and pericardial walls. 1 Right ventricular dysfunction will also alter the course and prognosis of heart disease. 2 Currently, data on right ventricular involvement in type 2 diabetes is limited.…”

“…The right ventricle has been considered a volume channel for many years, and its importance in cardiac hemodynamics has often been disregarded. Researchers have found that the right ventricle is essential to sustaining overall cardiac function and that right ventricular dysfunction can affect left ventricle function not only by limiting the preload of the left ventricle but also by affecting the septal and pericardial walls 1 . Right ventricular dysfunction will also alter the course and prognosis of heart disease 2 .…”

“…The mechanisms by which type 2 diabetes causes impairment of left ventricular function will affect the structure and function of many target organs and may also impair the function of the right ventricular myocardium. Although some animal 3 studies have shown that diabetes causes right ventricular systolic dysfunction in rats, in general, experimental results on diabetes affecting right ventricular function are inconsistent, with some studies 1,3 suggesting that diabetes decreases the right ventricular systolic function and others finding no statistically significant differences 4,5 . The complex anatomy of the right ventricle makes the assessment of right ventricular function challenging.…”

The Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Prediabetes: A Review

“…Around 578 million people worldwide will be diagnosed with diabetes by 2030 and are expected to reach about 700 million by 2045 (12). Prediabetes patients are expected to suffer from many complications, for instance, peripheral vascular diseases, coronary artery diseases, and cerebrovascular incidents (4)(5)(6)(13)(14)(15). In other words, undiagnosed prediabetic people are at risk for developing full blown diabetes, heart attack and stroke (2,7,11,14,(16)(17)(18)(19).…”

Early Impairment of Right Ventricular Systolic Function in Patients with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Analysis of Two-dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography

“…Although several animal studies have con rmed right ventricular systolic dysfunction in Zucker diabetic fatty rats [6],overall, the mechanisms of diabetic right ventricular dysfunction are not clear, and experimental data applying pulsed and tissue Doppler to the assessment of diabetic right ventricular function have been inconsistent over the past few years, with some researchers nding reduced right ventricular systolic function [4,6], while others have not nd any differences [7,8 ].During the last two decades,two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) has been a well-established technique and gradually applied to clinical diagnosis,which uses conventional two-dimensional digital echocardiographic image processing algorithms to identify small and stable myocardial footprints or speckles produced by ultrasound-myocardial tissue interactions within a de ned region of interest, track the distance between speckles or their temporal displacement frame by frame during the cardiac cycle and provide non-Doppler information about overall and segmental myocardial deformation [9].…”