Evaluation of the Waste Tire Resources Recovery Program and Environmental Health Policy in Taiwan

Abstract

This paper examines the effectiveness of Taiwanese environmental health policies, whose aim is to improve environmental quality by reducing tire waste via the Tire Resource Recovery Program. The results confirm that implemented environmental health policies improve the overall health of the population (i.e. a decrease in death caused by bronchitis and other respiratory diseases). Current policy expenditures are far below the optimal level, as it is estimated that a ten percent increase in the subsidy would decrease the number of deaths caused by bronchitis and other respiratory diseases by 0.58% per county/city per year on average.

Status of waste tires and management practice in Botswana

“…In Brazil, only about 35% of scrap tires are properly disposed through recycling, whereas the rest are stockpiled or are probably landfilled or discarded in an uncontrolled manner into nature (Milanez and Bührs, 2009). This contributes to waste of renewable resources (e.g., rubber applications) and loss of economic viability from WT recycling (Ferrão et al, 2008), with significant negative health impacts and environmental pollution (e.g., declining air quality) (Chen et al, 2009) and contamination of soils and water (Ataei, 2015;Banar et al, 2014).…”

“…The presence of this importation of retreaded tires to developing countries presents serious environmental challenge due to a limited application of technology to process and treat WTs. Consequently, having specialized disposal, material recovery, energy recovery, and/or recycling facilities (Chen et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2014), with formal processes, is of greater importance, as it can directly or indirectly reduce serious threats to the natural environment, public health and safety risks (Ataei, 2015;Chen et al, 2009;EPA, 2012), and pollution of the air (Gonzaga da Silva, 2012; Karaağaç et al, 2015;Karakurt, 2014;Martínez et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2014).…”

Gestão Dos Pneus Inservíveis E Sua Contribuição Para O Programa De Prevenção À Dengue, Febre Chikugunya E Zika Vírus No Município De Chapecó (Sc)

“…A definição de pneus inservíveis veio com a Resolução Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA) nº 258/99 que descreve pneus ou pneumáticos como todos os artefatos infláveis constituídos basicamente por borracha e materiais de reforço, utilizados para rodagem de veículos. Este resíduo não é classificado como perigoso (ABNT, 2004), contudo, em caso de incêndios, a fumaça resultante contém poluentes nocivos à saúde humana, podendo afetar o bem-estar físico e psicológico dos seres humanos (CHEN et al, 2009;.…”

Descarte sustentável de pneus inservíveis

“…Em 2001 segundo reportagem do site Ambiente Brasil (2001) mais de 40% dos pneus produzidos eram descartados sem controle e esse descarte pode causar danos à saúde humana caso ocorram incêndios nos locais de descarte. A fumaça resultante contém poluentes que podem afetar o bem-estar físico e psicológico das pessoas (CHEN et al, 2009).…”