Evaluation of triclosan and biphenylol in marine sediments and urban wastewaters by pressurized liquid extraction and solid phase extraction followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry

Agüera, Ana; Fernández‐Alba, Amadeo R.; Piedra, Luis; Mezcúa, Milagros; Gómez, María José

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(03)00040-0

Cited by 161 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…As a consequence of its relatively high solubility in water (10 mg L −1 at 20 • C), the main route by which this compound enters in the environment is in personal care and other consumer products that are washed down the drain during normal use. Its presence in waters and wastewaters has been recently reported in the US and Europe in a very high percentages of the streams tested (>50%) [3][4][5][6]. This can yield serious environmental implications as a consequence of its toxicity to water living organisms [7], resistance mechanisms in bacteria, as well as the estrogenic effects observed [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…For the test performed with raw water, tap water from the Plataforma Solar de Almería was used. The most important characteristics of this water were: conductivity 0.85 mS, CO 3 2− /HCO 3 − 49 mg L −1 (as carbon), pH 7.7, Cl − 110 mg L −1 and SO 4 2− 80 mg L −1 . Total organic carbon (TOC) was determined by direct infection of the filtered samples into a Shimadzu-5050A TOC analyzer, calibrated with standard solutions of hydrogen potassium phthalate.…”

Section: Photolysis Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses under electron impact ionization were applied for the identification of triclosan and 2,7/2,8-dibenzodichloro-p-dioxin [4]. The triclosan GC/EI/MS spectrum is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Gc-ms Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence of 2,7/2,8-dibenzodichloro-p-dioxin as a photodegradation product of triclosan in water and wastewater samples

Mezcúa

Gómez

Ferrer

et al. 2004

Analytica Chimica Acta

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184

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A photodegradation study of triclosan, a commonly used antimicrobial agent, was carried out in order to investigate the formation of dibenzodichlorodioxin as a by-product of photodegradation in various environmental matrices and under different conditions. Deionized water and wastewater samples, spiked at 8 g/mL with triclosan, were irradiated with natural sunlight. Aliquots of the spiked water samples were taken at different times of irradiation and compounds were isolated from the water samples by solid-phase extraction. Separation and detection of the compounds and degradation products was accomplished by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A major photolysis degradation product of triclosan, 2,7/2,8-dibenzodichloro-p-dioxin, was identified in wastewater samples. The photolysis experiment showed the simultaneous disappearance of triclosan and the appearance of the dioxin dependent on the pH and the organic matter content. Furthermore, a pilot survey monitoring for influent and effluent waters from a wastewater treatment plant was carried out. The presence of triclosan in all wastewater samples analyzed was revealed and dioxin was found in 80% of the cases, in influents and effluents, thus indicating its input and persistence through the wastewater treatment process. This represents a major finding since dioxins are more toxic than triclosan. Moreover, the presence of such compounds in wastewaters revealed the immediate need to improve the "classical" water treatment techniques, as well as considering limitation in water re-use.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Photolysis Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Evidence of 2,7/2,8-dibenzodichloro-p-dioxin as a photodegradation product of triclosan in water and wastewater samples

Mezcúa

Gómez

Ferrer

et al. 2004

Analytica Chimica Acta

Self Cite

184

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“…Although there is evidence that TCS is readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions in the water column [6], TCS is still regarded as one of the top 10 of persistent contaminants in U.S. rivers, streams, lakes, and underground aquifers due to its continuous replenishment and its accumulation within the sediments [7,8]. Increasing TCS concentrations have been reported world-wide from many countries for rivers, lakes and streams, being currently in the range of 18 ng/L -2.7 mg/L in the water column [1,4,7,9] while 0.27 to 130.7 mg/kg TCS have been determined in sediments [10,11].…”

Section: Triclosan -A Recent Chemical In Aquatic Habitatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The RNA Processing Enzyme Polynucleotide Phosphorylase Negatively Controls Biofi lm Formation by Repressing Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine (PNAG) Production in Escherichia coli C

Sayen¹

2014

Biofilm Control and Antimicrobial Agents

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The accumulation of the widely-used antibacterial and antifungal compound triclosan (TCS) in freshwaters raises concerns about the impact of this harmful chemical on the biofilms that are the dominant life style of microorganisms in aquatic systems. However, investigations to-date rarely go beyond effects at the cellular, physiological or morphological level. The present paper focuses on bacterial biofilms addressing the possible chemical impairment of their functionality, while also examining their substratum stabilization potential as one example of an important ecosystem service. The development of a bacterial assemblage of natural composition -isolated from sediments of the Eden Estuary (Scotland, UK) -on non-cohesive glass beads (,63 mm) and exposed to a range of triclosan concentrations (control, 2 -100 mg L 21 ) was monitored over time by Magnetic Particle Induction (MagPI). In parallel, bacterial cell numbers, division rate, community composition (DGGE) and EPS (extracellular polymeric substances: carbohydrates and proteins) secretion were determined. While the triclosan exposure did not prevent bacterial settlement, biofilm development was increasingly inhibited by increasing TCS levels. The surface binding capacity (MagPI) of the assemblages was positively correlated to the microbial secreted EPS matrix. The EPS concentrations and composition (quantity and quality) were closely linked to bacterial growth, which was affected by enhanced TCS exposure. Furthermore, TCS induced significant changes in bacterial community composition as well as a significant decrease in bacterial diversity. The impairment of the stabilization potential of bacterial biofilm under even low, environmentally relevant TCS levels is of concern since the resistance of sediments to erosive forces has large implications for the dynamics of sediments and associated pollutant dispersal. In addition, the surface adhesive capacity of the biofilm acts as a sensitive measure of ecosystem effects.

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“…Esses contaminantes apresentam grande diversidade de natureza química e provém das mais variadas fontes, tais como fármacos de uso humano [1][2][3] ou animal 4 e produtos de limpeza e de higiene pessoal, [5][6][7] os quais são introduzidos no meio ambiente via esgoto doméstico, seja ele tratado ou não.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Caracterização de contaminantes presentes em sistemas de tratamento de esgotos, por cromatografia líquida acoplada à espectrometria de massas tandem em alta resolução

Leite¹,

Afonso²,

Aquino³

2010

Quím. Nova

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Evaluation of triclosan and biphenylol in marine sediments and urban wastewaters by pressurized liquid extraction and solid phase extraction followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry

Cited by 161 publications

References 15 publications

Evidence of 2,7/2,8-dibenzodichloro-p-dioxin as a photodegradation product of triclosan in water and wastewater samples

Evidence of 2,7/2,8-dibenzodichloro-p-dioxin as a photodegradation product of triclosan in water and wastewater samples

The RNA Processing Enzyme Polynucleotide Phosphorylase Negatively Controls Biofi lm Formation by Repressing Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine (PNAG) Production in Escherichia coli C

Caracterização de contaminantes presentes em sistemas de tratamento de esgotos, por cromatografia líquida acoplada à espectrometria de massas tandem em alta resolução

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