Evaluation of turmeric (Curcuma longa) effect on biochemical and pathological parameters of liver and kidney in chicken aflatoxicosis

Abstract

Context: Aflatoxins as potent mycotoxins can influence vital parameters in chickens. Turmeric was used in decreasing toxic effect of mycotoxins on vital organs, traditionally. Objective: The study compared the protective effect of turmeric and Mycoad TR in broilers exposed to aflatoxin. Materials and methods: Chickens (270) were divided into six groups. The chickens were fed a basal diet, turmeric extract (5 mg/kg diet), Mycoad TR (25 mg/kg diet), productive aflatoxin (3 mg/kg diet), aflatoxin plus turmeric extract (3 versus 5 mg/kg diet), and aflatoxin plus Mycoad TR (3 versus 25 mg/kg diet) in basal diet. At 28 d old, we determined plasma concentration of total protein, albumin, triglyceride, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), calcium, potassium, phosphorous, uric acid, aspartate transferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Furthermore, liver and kidney were sampled for pathological examination. Results: Chickens fed turmeric with aflatoxin had significant lower ALT, AST, and uric acid than chickens fed aflatoxin (11.4 ± 0.79, 228 ± 9, and 6 ± 0.4 versus 17.2 ± 1.7, 283 ± 5, and 7.7 ± 0.1) whereas, total protein, calcium, and HDL values in chickens fed aflatoxin plus turmeric increased significantly (2.66 ± 0.16, 8.4 ± 0.2, and 920 ± 4.1 versus 1.7 ± 0.17, 7 ± 0.2, and 690 ± 4.8). Pathological examination revealed severe congestion, degeneration, and necrosis in liver and kidney in chickens that received aflatoxin. Discussion and conclusion: The study showed that turmeric may provide protection against the toxic effects of aflatoxin on liver and kidney.ARTICLE HISTORY

The Protective Role of Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera Seeds) against Aflatoxicosis in Broiler Chickens Regarding Carcass Characterstics, Hepatic and Renal Biochemical Function Tests and Histopathology.

“…Histopathologically, supplementation of 100 ppb aflatoxin in G4 which had severe liver and kidney lesions as indicative for aflatoxicosis exhibited through hemorrhage and focal hepatic necrosis with inflammatory cell infiltration and fatty degeneration of hepatocytes which may be due to disturbance of oxidant/antioxidant balance system and kidney as congestion of renal blood vessels, interstitial nephritis with mononuclear cell infiltrations. Also, previous researches which recorded the toxic effect of aflatoxins in liver (Gholami-Ahangaran et al, 2016 andTessari et al, 2006) and kidney (Mohamed and Mohamed, 2009). The inclusion of DPS to diet contains 100 ppb AF as in G6 and G7 reduced the severity of pathological changes.…”

Effects of dietary inclusion of commercial toxin binders and prebiotics on performance and immune responses of broiler chicks fed aflatoxin-contaminated diets

“…The biochemical alterations during aflatoxicosis can be attributed to liver injuries (Kubena et al, 1993;Shi et al, 2006). Liver injuries are responsible for changes in serum indices (Gholami-Ahangaran et al, 2016). The increased activities of these enzymes in chickens treated with diets contaminated with aflatoxins can be attributed to liver damage and enzyme leakage into the blood vessels (Gholami-Ahangaran et al, 2016).…”

“…Liver injuries are responsible for changes in serum indices (Gholami-Ahangaran et al, 2016). The increased activities of these enzymes in chickens treated with diets contaminated with aflatoxins can be attributed to liver damage and enzyme leakage into the blood vessels (Gholami-Ahangaran et al, 2016). Gowda et al (2008) also reported that liver damage is responsible in increasing the activities of liver enzymes.…”

Review on biological degradation of mycotoxins

“…The liver is the primary target organ for AF. Long-term intake of feeds contaminated with AF results in negative effects on the liver, such as hepatic cell and tissue injury, as well as gross and microscopic abnormalities ( Williams et al., 2011 , Gholami-Ahangaran et al., 2016 ). In classical epidemiology, researchers revealed the relationship between AF exposure and high prevalence of human liver cancer in various areas of Asia and Africa ( Pitt, 2000 ).…”