Evaluation of various waste substrates for biofilm formation and subsequent use in aerobic packed-bed reactor for secondary treatment of domestic wastewater

Biofilm-mediated wastewater treatment: a comprehensive review

“…84 Several studies have employed immobilized biofilms of microalgal-bacterial consortia as a secondary treatment for wastewater; however, additional study is required to increase surface attachment. 85…”

“…Microalgal growth (mixotrophic microalgal culture and/or CO 2 absorption by autotrophic) and/or excretion from organic matter biodegradation elevated pH from 7.8 to 10.0, according to Mirquez et al[82] Depending on the type of bacteria and microalgae, microalgae cultures can develop at temperatures ranging from 10 to 45 °C, with ideal conditions between 20 and 25 °C,[83] while bacterial cultures may thrive at temperatures ranging from 0 to 49 °C [84]. Several studies have employed immobilised biofilms of microalgal-bacterial consortia as a secondary treatment for wastewater; however, additional study is required to increase surface attachment [85].…”