Evaluation of Violence Risk in Adults

Heilbrun, Kirk; Holliday, Stephanie Brooks; King, Christopher

doi:10.1093/med:psych/9780199766857.003.0006

Cited by 24 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…In recent decades, specialized tools have been developed for the prediction and management of violence (33). However, their predictive accuracy varies according to how they are used (34), the best approach to risk assessment involves a combination of well-validated actuarial risk instruments and structured clinical judgments (35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of violence among patients in psychiatric treatment: results from a national census

Ose

Lilleeng

Pettersen

et al. 2017

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry

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Risk of violence among patients in psychiatric treatmentOse, S.O.; Lilleeng, S. ; Ruud, T.; van Weeghel, Jaap General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.-Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research -You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain -You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright, please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Background: Adverse media coverage of isolated incidents affects the public perception of the risk of violent behavior among people with mental illness. However, the risk of violence is studied most frequently among inpatients, which falsely exaggerates the prevalence of people with mental illness because the majority of individuals receive treatment as outpatients. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of the risk of violence among inpatients and outpatients in psychiatric treatment, as well as the associations with gender, age, socio-economic status and co-morbid substance use disorders in all major diagnostic categories. Methods: We conducted a national census of patients in specialist mental health services in Norway, which included 65% of all inpatients (N ¼ 2,358) and 60% of all outpatients (N ¼ 23,124).Results: The prevalence of the risk of violence was 32% among inpatients and 8% among outpatients, where 80% of the patients in specialist mental health services were outpatients. If we weight the prevalence rates accordingly, less than 2% of the patients in specialist mental health services had a high risk of violent behavior. Conclusions:The stigma attached to those with mental illness is not consistent with the absence or low to modest risk of violent behavior in 98% of the patient group. Substance use disorders must be given priority in the treatment of all patient groups. Mental health care in general and interventions that target violent behavior in particular should address the problems and needs of these patients better, especially those who are unemployed, have a low level of education and have a background of being a refugee or an immigrant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of violence among patients in psychiatric treatment: results from a national census

Ose

Lilleeng

Pettersen

et al. 2017

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry

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“…A major component of the information a RB relies upon is an expert report (typically submitted by the treating psychiatrist, often in collaboration with a clinical team), focusing on the individual's mental and physical health, behavior, treatment involvement, and notable events since the index offense and/or the previous RB hearing (see Crocker, Nicholls, Charette, & Seto, ). Ideally, the expert report also provides relevant information pertaining to empirically supported risk factors for violence and items relevant to the legislative criteria (Heilbrun, ). Unfortunately, to date, there is relatively little research regarding the extent to which empirically supported or legally relevant risk factors are implemented into practice by clinicians, or whether RBs consider these factors in rendering their decisions.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Review Board Decisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Risk and Need Factors in Forensic Mental Health Decision‐Making and the Role of Gender and Index Offense Severity

Wilson

Crocker

Nicholls

et al. 2015

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Canadian legislation makes Review Boards (RBs) responsible for rendering dispositions for individuals found Not Criminally Responsible on account of Mental Disorder (NCRMD) after considering public safety, the mental condition of the accused, and his/her potential for community reintegration. We reviewed 6,743 RB hearings for 1,794 individuals found NCRMD in the three largest Canadian provinces to investigate whether items from two empirically supported risk assessment measures, the Historical Clinical Risk Management-20 and the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide, were considered. Less than half the items were included in expert reports or in RBs' reasons for dispositions, and consideration of these items differed according to gender and index offense severity of the accused. These items included evidence-based risk factors and/or legally specified criteria: mental health, treatment, and criminal history. These results illustrate the gap between research on risk factors and the integration of this evidence into practice. In particular, we recommend the implementation of structured measures to reduce the potential for clinicians to be unduly influenced by gender and offense severity.

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“…Los resultados encontrados están en la línea de la identificación de las necesidades criminogénicas que presenta el menor (Heilbrun, 2009), donde los factores encontrados son naturaleza dinámica (Andrews & Bonta, 2010), lo cual beneficia de cara a la planificación de la intervención con los menores. (Childs et al, 2014;Vincent et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Los instrumentos de predicción del riesgo fueron creados con base en un sistema basado en un modelo de predicción; en los últimos años la aproximación ha cambiado hacia un modelo fundamentado en las necesidades criminógenas que presenta el menor para así proporcionarle las herramientas con el fin de reducir aquellas (Heilbrun, 2009). En Justicia Juvenil, este último enfoque ha demostrado ser más efectivo que las intervenciones generales (Andrews & Bonta, 2010).…”

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Predicción del riesgo de reincidencia en una muestra de menores infractores españoles. Evidencias de validez del SAVRY

García-García

Campos

Basurto

et al. 2016

PSIM

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El uso de instrumentos de predicción del riesgo de reincidencia en menores infractores está cada vez más extendido entre profesionales e investigadores, a tal grado que ha provocado el aumento del número de instrumentos desarrollados específicamente para menores infractores. Entre los instrumen- tos de predicción del riesgo de reincidencia creados para jóvenes destaca el Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY. Borum, Bartel, & Forth, 2002, 2006). En este trabajo se presenta una aproximación a la capacidad predictiva del instrumento SAVRY en su aplicación a menores infractores españoles. La muestra está formada por un total de 594 menores con causa judicial en el Juzgado de Menores de Almería (España), de edades comprendidas entre 14 y 18 años, por lo menos al momento de la comisión de la conducta antisocial penada. El 85.4% de los menores era de sexo masculino y 79% de nacionalidad española. Los resultados muestran que el instrumento SAVRY presenta una adecuada capacidad predictiva.

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Evaluation of Violence Risk in Adults

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Risk of violence among patients in psychiatric treatment: results from a national census

Risk of violence among patients in psychiatric treatment: results from a national census

The Use of Risk and Need Factors in Forensic Mental Health Decision‐Making and the Role of Gender and Index Offense Severity

Predicción del riesgo de reincidencia en una muestra de menores infractores españoles. Evidencias de validez del SAVRY

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