Evaluation of Weldability of Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V and Aluminum Alloy 6061 Produced by Electron Beam Welding

Havlík, Petr; Kouril, Jan; Foret, Rudolf; Dlouhý, Ivo; Enzinger, Norbert; Wiednig, Christopher Alois

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.879.714

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Therefore, the intermetallic structures within the welded joint are greatly reduced, as in the present particular case; they are in the form of a very thin layer at the interface between the Ti and Al alloys. As mentioned in the introduction, the authors of [38] studied the weldability of the Ti6Al4V and 6061-Al alloys. The results showed that the application of an offset strongly influences the phase composition and hardness of the obtained joint, where the maximum offset was 0.3 mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, the structure investigated in Ref. [38] for a welded joint in which the beam has been shifted towards the Al alloy is much wider and consists of a large number of intermetallic phases, which is expected to lead to a deterioration in the functional properties. Therefore, the application of a larger offset (two times larger than the beam spot in the present case) to the material with the lower melting point and higher thermal conductivity has a major importance and plays a very important role in the reduction of the intermetallic structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, in Ref. [38], the weldability of Ti6Al4V and 6061-Al alloys was investigated. The results showed that the application of an offset strongly influences the phase composition and hardness of the obtained joint, where the maximum offset was 0.3 mm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Welding of Ti6Al4V and Al6082-T6 Alloys by a Scanning Electron Beam

Anchev,

Kaisheva,

Kotlarski

et al. 2023

Metals

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This work presents the results of an investigation into the influence of beam offset on the structure and mechanical properties of electron-beam-welded joints between Ti6Al4V and Al6082-T6 alloys. The experimental procedure involved the use of specific technological conditions: an accelerating voltage of 60 kV, an electron beam current of 35 mA, a specimen motion speed of 10 mm/s, and a beam offset of 0.5 mm towards both alloys, as well as welding without an offset. The phase composition of the joints was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructure and chemical composition of the seams were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results obtained for the structure of the joints show that the beam offset has a significant influence on the structure. The microhardness was studied by means of the Vickers method. The results for the microstructure showed that the welding procedure without offset and with an offset towards the Ti alloy leads to inhomogeneous welded joints with a significant amount of intermetallics. The offset towards the Al alloy leads to the formation of a narrow area of TiAl3 phase. The measured microhardness corresponds to the increased amount of intermetallics in the case of offset towards the Ti alloy, with which the highest values were presented (about 58% higher than with Ti6Al4V plate). The results obtained for tensile properties show that the offset to the Al6082-T6 alloy leads to the highest values of tensile strength (TS) and yield strength (YS), which are twice higher than in welding without offsetting of the electron beam.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Welding of Ti6Al4V and Al6082-T6 Alloys by a Scanning Electron Beam

Anchev,

Kaisheva,

Kotlarski

et al. 2023

Metals

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“…Furthermore, Havlík et al conducted a study on the weldability of the Ti-6Al-4V/AA 6061 dissimilar joint obtained by the electron beam process by varying the beam offset. The author reported the presence of Ti3Al, TiAl, Ti5Al11 and Ti3Al5 as well as volume fraction of IMCs controlled by the offset variation [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement weldability of dissimilar joints (Ti6Al4V/Al6013) for aerospace industry by laser beam welding

Ribeiro

Siqueira²,

Lima³

et al. 2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The discovery of new metal alloys and the technological advancement in welding processes are key resources for the aerospace industry to obtain cost reduction and better reliability. Thus, welded joints of dissimilar materials such as aluminum and titanium alloys has been explored due to its combined low density and high mechanical performance. Otherwise, welding of dissimilar metals may present deleterious factors to the welded joint as the formation of intermetallic and/or brittle second phase and residual stress. This project investigates the weldability of dissimilar welded joint (Al6013/Ti-6Al-4V) by Laser beam welding. The approach will be done in terms of mechanical properties and microstructural characterization. For this purpose, optimal laser offset from the joint line and the related heat input has been found. It was observed that offset controls the amount of the intermetallic compound layer in the fusion zone. Large pores were observed on the Al side of the weld metal when the offset is zero. The microstructure on the aluminum side consisted of -Al grains and the dispersed precipitates. Heat input and offset also influenced in the volumetric fraction of the precipitates. Martensite α ′ and secondary acicular α phase was found in the titanium side. Furthermore, intermetallic compound of TiAl base phase such as TiAl, Ti3Al4, and Ti2Al3 was formed. Tensile strength of welded joint was 60% of the Al alloy. In addition, for the same offset and higher heat input, there was an increase in the hardness of the interface.

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“…The authors mentioned that higher impact toughness was achieved with the EBW process, and grain growth due to thermal cycles was minimum in both cases. Havlik et al [29] investigated the microstructure behavior of ferritic steel, martensite steel, and austenite steel using an EBW process and mentioned that the solidification rate of the WZ controls the final formation of the microstructure. The grain size was smaller for higher cooling rates [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of post weld heat treatment on metallurgical and mechanical properties of electron beam welded AISI 409 ferritic steel

2020

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The applicability of ferritic stainless steel is restricted due to its low weldability, and this can be attributed to the severe grain growth in the weld zone during the solidification of the weld pool and formation of fully ferritic structure. This study aims to investigate the weldability of 18 mm thick AISI 409 ferritic stainless steel plates using an electron beam welding process without the use of filler metal. The joints were investigated for metallography characterization (microstructure, macrostructure, and microhardness) and mechanical behavior (tensile strength and impact toughness) in as-welded condition and after post-weld heat treatment at 550 ºC for 75 minutes. The weld zone exhibited large columnar grains in the direction perpendicular to the weld centerline and got refined after post-weld heat treatment. The ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and microhardness of the weld zone were found higher than the base metal. The impact toughness of weld zone was found to be reduced by 45%, but the post-weld heat treatment improved the toughness by 40%. Results revealed that the electron beam welding process could be successfully employed for welding of AISI 409 ferritic stainless steel, which will increase its application range that requires thicker section of welded plates. Post-weld heat treatment was found to be advantageous for improving the microstructure and mechanical properties.

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Evaluation of Weldability of Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V and Aluminum Alloy 6061 Produced by Electron Beam Welding

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Welding of Ti6Al4V and Al6082-T6 Alloys by a Scanning Electron Beam

Welding of Ti6Al4V and Al6082-T6 Alloys by a Scanning Electron Beam

Improvement weldability of dissimilar joints (Ti6Al4V/Al6013) for aerospace industry by laser beam welding

Effect of post weld heat treatment on metallurgical and mechanical properties of electron beam welded AISI 409 ferritic steel

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