Evaluation of wound healing potential of Bhallatakadi Ghrita – cow ghee based polyherbal formulation: in-vivo excision and incision wound model

Abstract

Objectives Ghee is widely considered as the Indian name for clarified butterfat and processing of ghee with therapeutic herbs i.e., ghrita is renowned for augmenting their medicinal properties. The wound is considered as a challenging clinical problem with early and late complications. To reduce the burden of wounds with the shortest period and minimum scaring, an attempt was made to prepare and evaluate the wound healing potential of ghee based polyherbal formulation. Methods Based on local ethnic tribal claims, Semecarpus anacardium L., Argemone mexicana L., Cocculus hirsutus L., and Woodfordia fruticosa K. were collected from Western Ghats of India. The polyherbal Bhallatakadi Ghrita (BG) formulation was prepared as per Ayurvedic procedure and assessed for its wound healing potential using incision and excision wound animal models. Results BG treated group showed a complete contraction of wounds (99.82 ± 0.10%) (p<0.001) with 15.17 ± 0.40 days re-epithelization time and breaking strength (531.50 ± 5.89) (p<0.05). The hydroxyproline content of BG was found to be significantly higher i.e., 4.23 ± 0.21 (p<0.05). Quantitative estimation of BG exhibited 54.7 ± 3.7 mg100 g−1 of polyphenols and 42.3 ± 5.4 mg.100 g−1 flavonoids in terms of gallic acid and quercetin respectively. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of gallic acid and quercetin whereas the presence of fatty acids was confirmed by GC-MS analysis. Conclusions It may conclude that the presence of quercetin, gallic acid, and fatty acids could have accelerated the healing rate of the ghrita formulation, as they have already been known for their potential wound healing properties.

Effect of “Murcchana samskara” on therapeutic efficacy of Bhallatakadi Ghrita

“…Breaking strength is an important factor in the wound healing process which reflects the sub-dermal organization of fibers in the newly deposited collagen [ 5 ]. The M-BG treated group shows significantly ( p < 0.001) higher WBS (562.33 ± 7.37 g) on the 10th day, whereas BG treated group and PI treated group shows 531.50 ± 5.89 g and 485.33 ± 8.6 g respectively as compared to control ( Supplementary file/Table 1 and Supplementary file/Fig.…”

“…Group-I: Normal control treated with cow ghee, Group-II: reference standard group treated with 5% w/w Povidone-Iodine ointment USP (PI), Group-III: treated with BG, and Group-IV: treated with M-BG. The excision and incision wound animal models were used to assess the wound healing efficacy of M-BG [ 5 ].…”

“…The ‘ Murcchana samskara,’ i.e., the process of use of ‘Murcchita’ ghee (prepared by incorporating antioxidant herbs) before ‘ghrita-paka kalpana’ ensures better shelf life, improved acceptability, and therapeutic efficacy of ghrita formulation. The wound healing potential of BG [ 5 ] and the role of ‘ Murcchana samskara ’ on the shelf life and oxidative stability of ghrita preparations is reported [ [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] ]. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the ‘ Murcchana’ process on the wound healing potential of BG using excision and incision animal models.…”

Panchgavya: A precious gift to humankind

“…For example, Brahmi ghrita for cognitive function; Vasa ghrita for the respiratory system; Shatadhauta ghrita for skin diseases, Bhallatakadi ghrita for wound healing and Kaamdev ghrita for sexual disorders, etc. [ [35] , [36] , [37] , [38] ]., Saleem et al. have performed molecular characterization studies on desi ghee.…”

Chemical characterisation and in vitro wound healing activity of Tunisian ghee products

“…For a long time, Ayurvedic literature has worked on the documentation of the systemic and topical ghee healing properties (Udwadia, 2011; Wayal & Gurav, 2021; Wayal et al ., 2022). The cold and oily qualities of the cow ghee are useful to protect the mucous membranes of the body, while the regenerative properties could heal wounds, as well as help in the growth of healthy cells (Sandesh & Shailendra, 2021).…”