Evaluation performance of photovoltaic modules after a long time operation in Saharan environment

Reliability and Degradation of Solar PV Modules—Case Study of 19-Year Old Polycrystalline Modules in Ghana

“…The dominance of short-circuit current and fill factor in driving the power loss of the modules is consistent with previous studies which have reported on this, including: Ndiaye et al [37] , Bandou et al [36] and Jordan and Kurtz [17]. Bandou et al [36] studied a 28-year old systen installed in the desert of Algeria and reported annual degradation of 1.22% in peak power, arising mainly from 0.78% in short circuit current and 0.56% in fill factor.…”

“…Bandou et al [36] studied a 28-year old systen installed in the desert of Algeria and reported annual degradation of 1.22% in peak power, arising mainly from 0.78% in short circuit current and 0.56% in fill factor. Even though the study by Ndiaye et al [37] had a rather short observation period (1.3 -4 years), the results also confirm the dominance of short-circuit current and fill factor in power degradation.…”

Reliability and Degradation of Solar PV Modules—Case Study of 19-Year-Old Polycrystalline Modules in Ghana

“…A number of researchers have undertaken, over the years, to study the long-term outdoor performance, degradation and failure of solar PV modules around the world. Notable authors in this area include Lorenzo et al [36], Bandou et al [37], Ndiaye et al [38], Jordan and Kurtz [18], Quintana et al [39], Skoczek [40], Skoczek et al [41], Kahoul et al [42] and Ferrara and Daniel [43]. The literature identifies major causes and modes of module degradation and failure to include [18,39]: degradation of packaging materials, loss of adhesion, degradation of cell/module interconnects as a result of thermomechanical fatigue, degradation due to moisture intrusion and degradation of semiconductor device [39].…”

Experimental Study of Degradation Modes and Their Effects on Reliability of Photovoltaic Modules after 12 Years of Field Operation in the Steppe Region

“…The lifetime of a PV module can be defined as the period during power production, and can also be defined as a point in time at which the module is no longer acceptable. The current consensus is that a PV module is guaranteed for 25 years at 80% of its initial power (and 90% at 10 years) [3]. In order to estimate the lifetime of the product under specific conditions, the mathematical models are used to give the relation between the lifetime and the reliability of the module [4].…”

“…The electrical parameters of the studied modules are shown in Table II. To calculate the characteristic I − V , we have used the model of Rauschenbusch [3]. The model only uses I sc , V oc , and P max .…”