Evaporation of Tiny Water Aggregation on Solid Surfaces with Different Wetting Properties

Wang, Shen; Tu, Yusong; Wan, Rundong; Fang, Haiping

doi:10.1021/jp302142s

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…[34] In addition, the hydrophobicity and rough surface of the graphene was able to prevent the aggregation of water droplets, which contributed to the ultrafast water evaporation and high stability of the sensor at high-humidity levels. [35,36] Furthermore, subtle change in humidity level caused by water evaporation on skin can also be detected good sensitivity. In all, our wrinkled CVD graphene (WG) has been demonstrated as an ideal sensing material with high sensitivity, ultrafast response, and excellent stability in high-humidity environments and for monitoring skin evaporation.…”

Section: Humidity Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The unprecedented performance of the sensor was attributed to the specially designed CVD growth process, which intentionally created defects and grain boundaries to increase the sensitivity to water vapor . In addition, the hydrophobicity and rough surface of the graphene was able to prevent the aggregation of water droplets, which contributed to the ultrafast water evaporation and high stability of the sensor at high‐humidity levels . Furthermore, subtle change in humidity level caused by water evaporation on skin can also be detected good sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formation of Uniform Water Microdroplets on Wrinkled Graphene for Ultrafast Humidity Sensing

Zhen

Zhao

et al. 2018

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127

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Portable humidity sensors with ultrafast responses fabricated in wearable devices have promising application prospects in disease diagnostics, health status monitoring, and personal healthcare data collecting. However, prolonged exposures to high-humidity environments usually cause device degradation or failure due to excessive water adsorbed on the sensor surface. In the present work, a graphene film based humidity sensor with a hydrophobic surface and uniformly distributed ring-like wrinkles is designed and fabricated that exhibits excellent performance in breath sensing. The wrinkled morphology of the graphene sensor is able to effectively prevent the aggregation of water microdroplets and thus maximize the evaporation rate. The as-fabricated sensor responds to and recovers from humidity in 12.5 ms, the fastest response of humidity sensors reported so far, yet in a very stable manner. The sensor is fabricated into a mask and successfully applied to monitoring sudden changes in respiratory rate and depth, such as breathing disorder or arrest, as well as subtle changes in humidity level caused by talking, cough and skin evaporation. The sensor can potentially enable long-term daily monitoring of breath and skin evaporation with its ultrafast response and high sensitivity, as well as excellent stability in high-humidity environments.

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Section: Humidity Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Uniform Water Microdroplets on Wrinkled Graphene for Ultrafast Humidity Sensing

Zhen

Zhao

et al. 2018

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127

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“…Instead, the rate increased to a maximum value and then decreased. The maximum evaporation rate corresponded to the hydrophilic surface, on which water just spread to form a monolayer [15].Most surfaces in nature are not uniformly hydrophobic or hydrophilic. For example, soil surfaces containing a mixture of components, the back of a desert beetle [16,17], and a leaf surface containing patterns of cells [18,19] all have different wettabilities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1(c), the hydrophilic region has the same geometry as the solid substrate used in our previous work [15]; positive and negative charges of the same magnitude q were assigned to the atoms at a distance of 0.568 nm (twice the diagonal of the hexagon). Here, q ¼ 0.4 e, which corresponds to the maximum evaporation rate on such a substrate as shown in our previous work [15]. Overall, the patterned surface contains 550 positive charges and 550 negative charges; thus, it was neutral.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of Water Evaporation on Solid Surfaces with Nanoscale Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic Patterns

et al. 2015

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Using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that the evaporation of nanoscale water on hydrophobic-hydrophilic patterned surfaces is unexpectedly faster than that on any surfaces with uniform wettability. The key to this phenomenon is that, on the patterned surface, the evaporation rate from the hydrophilic region only slightly decreases due to the correspondingly increased water thickness; meanwhile, a considerable number of water molecules evaporate from the hydrophobic region despite the lack of water film. Most of the evaporated water from the hydrophobic region originates from the hydrophilic region by diffusing across the contact lines. Further analysis shows that the evaporation rate from the hydrophobic region is approximately proportional to the total length of the contact lines.

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Enhanced Interfacial Solar Evaporation through Formation of Micro‐Meniscuses and Microdroplets to Reduce Evaporation Enthalpy

Tian

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

152

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Interfacial solar water evaporation, a promising way to address water shortages and water pollution, has attracted increasing attention. However, low evaporation rates limit its practical applications. Reducing evaporation enthalpy is one of the most efficient ways to improve the evaporation rate. In this study, micro-meniscuses and microdroplets (MMDs) are found and observed on the surface of the polypyrrole nanoarrays on hydrophilic carbon cloth. The MMDs can reduce the evaporation enthalpy of the system, thus resulting in a high evaporation rate of 2.16 kg m −2 h −1 in pure water under 1 sun. Dynamic calculations imply that the evaporation rate of MMDs is approximately at least 1.7 times and 1.8 times that of a flat liquid film, respectively. Under 1 sun, the evaporators with MMDs enable stable evaporation in continuous 72 h in 10.0 wt% NaCl solution, simulated seawater, and actual wastewater, with an evaporation rate of 1.86, 1.99, and 1.82 kg m −2 h −1 , respectively. As far as it is known, these evaporation rates are the highest reported values for the 2D interfacial solar evaporator in high-salinity brine or wastewater. It is believed that this work provided a novel pathway for designing an evaporator with low evaporation enthalpy and high evaporation performance.

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Evaporation of Tiny Water Aggregation on Solid Surfaces with Different Wetting Properties

Cited by 44 publications

References 61 publications

Formation of Uniform Water Microdroplets on Wrinkled Graphene for Ultrafast Humidity Sensing

Formation of Uniform Water Microdroplets on Wrinkled Graphene for Ultrafast Humidity Sensing

Enhancement of Water Evaporation on Solid Surfaces with Nanoscale Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic Patterns

Enhanced Interfacial Solar Evaporation through Formation of Micro‐Meniscuses and Microdroplets to Reduce Evaporation Enthalpy

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