Event driven persistent sensing: Overcoming the energy and lifetime limitations in unattended wireless sensors

Olsson, Roy H.; Bogoslovov, R. B.; Christal, Gordon

doi:10.1109/icsens.2016.7808398

Cited by 82 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The current trend is that sensors are and will be more miniaturized, consume less power, and continuously fuse with other sensors. As an alternative solution, event-driven sensors can remain asleep until an event of interest occurs and might address the issues of energy consumption and short sensor lifetime (Olsson, Bogoslovov, and Gordon 2016).…”

Section: Sensor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal event detection: a review

Bambacus

Cervone

et al. 2020

International Journal of Digital Earth

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The advancements of sensing technologies, including remote sensing, in situ sensing, social sensing, and health sensing, have tremendously improved our capability to observe and record natural and social phenomena, such as natural disasters, presidential elections, and infectious diseases. The observations have provided an unprecedented opportunity to better understand and respond to the spatiotemporal dynamics of the environment, urban settings, health and disease propagation, business decisions, and crisis and crime. Spatiotemporal event detection serves as a gateway to enable a better understanding by detecting events that represent the abnormal status of relevant phenomena. This paper reviews the literature for different sensing capabilities, spatiotemporal event extraction methods, and categories of applications for the detected events. The novelty of this review is to revisit the definition and requirements of event detection and to layout the overall workflow (from sensing and event extraction methods to the operations and decision-supporting processes based on the extracted events) as an agenda for future event detection research. Guidance is presented on the current challenges to this research agenda, and future directions are discussed for conducting spatiotemporal event detection in the era of big data, advanced sensing, and artificial intelligence.

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Section: Sensor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal event detection: a review

Bambacus

Cervone

et al. 2020

International Journal of Digital Earth

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“…Finally, it would be ideal if the sensor could be self-powered or with ultra-low power consumption, i.e., near zero power [50]. …”

Section: Specialty Fibers For Sensing Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roadmap on optical sensors

Ferreira

Castro-Camus

Ottaway

et al. 2017

J. Opt.

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Sensors are devices or systems able to detect, measure and convert magnitudes from any domain to an electrical one. Using light as a probe for optical sensing is one of the most efficient approaches for this purpose. The history of optical sensing using some methods based on absorbance, emissive and florescence properties date back to the 16th century. The field of optical sensors evolved during the following centuries, but it did not achieve maturity until the demonstration of the first laser in 1960. The unique properties of laser light become particularly important in the case of laser-based sensors, whose operation is entirely based upon the direct detection of laser light itself, without relying on any additional mediating device. However, compared with freely propagating light beams, artificially engineered optical fields are in increasing demand for probing samples with very small sizes and/or weak light–matter interaction. Optical fiber sensors constitute a subarea of optical sensors in which fiber technologies are employed. Different types of specialty and photonic crystal fibers provide improved performance and novel sensing concepts. Actually, structurization with wavelength or subwavelength feature size appears as the most efficient way to enhance sensor sensitivity and its detection limit. This leads to the area of micro- and nano-engineered optical sensors. It is expected that the combination of better fabrication techniques and new physical effects may open new and fascinating opportunities in this area. This roadmap on optical sensors addresses different technologies and application areas of the field. Fourteen contributions authored by experts from both industry and academia provide insights into the current state-of-the-art and the challenges faced by researchers currently. Two sections of this paper provide an overview of laser-based and frequency comb-based sensors. Three sections address the area of optical fiber sensors, encompassing both conventional, specialty and photonic crystal fibers. Several other sections are dedicated to micro- and nano-engineered sensors, including whispering-gallery mode and plasmonic sensors. The uses of optical sensors in chemical, biological and biomedical areas are described in other sections. Different approaches required to satisfy applications at visible, infrared and THz spectral regions are also discussed. Advances in science and technology required to meet challenges faced in each of these areas are addressed, together with suggestions on how the field could evolve in the near future.

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“…It requires continuous operation of an electronic system comprising sensing, detection and recognition functions, which are power-hungry tasks [ 7 , 18 ]. The power consumption can be reduced by introduction of always-on low-power interfaces that wake up the main processing stage upon detection of an event of interest [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following an idea of using electromechanical components to improve low-power event detector functionality [ 20 ], our goal in this work was to evaluate a passive electromechanical feature extractor that utilizes a piezoelectric transducer and a rectifier with a mechanically switched inductor, inspired by the Random Mechanical Switching Harvester on Inductor (RMSHI) [ 27 , 28 , 29 ], as an alternative for active electrical feature extractor ( Figure 1 c), consisting of an active bandpass filter and a passive rectifier used for detecting slowly evolving acoustic events in low SNR conditions in frequency range from 200 Hz to 1 kHz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive Extraction of Signal Feature Using a Rectifier with a Mechanically Switched Inductor for Low Power Acoustic Event Detection

Gazivoda

Oletić

Trigona

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Analog hardware used for signal envelope extraction in low-power interfaces for acoustic event detection, owing to its low complexity and power consumption, suffers from low sensitivity and performs poorly under low signal to noise ratios (SNR) found in undersea environments. To overcome those problems, in this paper, we propose a novel passive electromechanical solution for the signal feature extraction in low frequency acoustic range (200–1000 Hz), in the form of a piezoelectric vibration transducer, and a rectifier with a mechanically switched inductor. A simulation study of the novel solution is presented, and a proof-of-concept device is developed and experimentally characterized. We demonstrate its applicability and show the advantages of the passive electromechanical device in comparison to the active electrical solution in terms of operation with lower input signals (<20 mV compared to 40 mV), and higher robustness in low SNR conditions (output voltage loss for −10 dB ≤ SNR < 40 dB of 1 mV, compared to 10 mV). In addition to the signal processing performance improvements, compared to our previous work, the utilization of the presented novel passive feature extractor would also decrease power consumption of a detector’s channel by over 76%, enabling life-time extension and/or increased quality of detection with larger number of channels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first solution presented in the literature that demonstrates the possibility of using a passive electromechanical feature extractor in a low-power analog wake-up event detector interface.

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Event driven persistent sensing: Overcoming the energy and lifetime limitations in unattended wireless sensors

Cited by 82 publications

References 4 publications

Spatiotemporal event detection: a review

Spatiotemporal event detection: a review

Roadmap on optical sensors

Passive Extraction of Signal Feature Using a Rectifier with a Mechanically Switched Inductor for Low Power Acoustic Event Detection

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