Event related potentials (ERPs) and alpha waves in cognition, aging and selected dementias: A source of biomarkers and therapy

Abstract

In 2010, 8% of the world's population was >65 years of age. The prevalence of dementia in 2015 was 47.47 million, while its incidence was at 7.7 million new cases each year i.e. translates to a new case every 4.1 seconds. Alzheimer's contributes to 60−70% of cases with dementia. The current global costs of care for dementia is US$ 604 billion/ year. One of the keep obstacles to better treatment outcomes and quality of life is late diagnosis. The present paper covers the role of EEG-based Alpha waves and event-related potential (ERPs) components as biomarkers of cognition and the changes in their features with aging, dementia, and Alzheimer's.

Response-related sensorimotor rhythms under scopolamine and MK-801 exposures in the touchscreen visual discrimination test in rats

“…Evidence suggests that oscillatory alpha rhythm is prone to be changed in people having problems with focused attention 7 . Impaired visual (parieto-occipital) alpha reactivity-poor power suppression to eye-opening—is characteristic of AD 8 and schizophrenia 9 , and decreased alpha amplitude was associated with cognitive health in the aged population 55 .…”

“…Alpha-band oscillations are closely linked to sensory information processing and attention, and their causal role have been suggested in the modulation of these processes 4 – 6 . In addition, alpha rhythm is prone to be changed in people having problems with focused attention 7 , impaired parieto-occipital alpha reactivity is characteristic in neuropsychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) 8 and schizophrenia 9 .…”

Evaluation of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder using Brain View Imaging

“…Brainview by Medeia is a new and novel EEG computer-based technology that has been FDA-approved and can help aid in the management of brain health and diagnostics [1,2]. The Brainview system is a software that acquires, displays, and stores electrical activity of the patient's brain.…”

“…EEG-based findings could greatly help in the diagnosis and tre atment of PTSD patients because it would be more objective and less symptom-based especially because PTSD symptoms overlap with other mental disorders. Currently, Brainview by Medeia is a new and novel EEG computer-based technology that has been FDA-approved [1,2]. This improved technology is easy to use, universal, and can help aid in the management of brain health and diagnostics of PTSD patients.…”

Age-Related EEG Power Reductions Cannot Be Explained by Changes of the Conductivity Distribution in the Head Due to Brain Atrophy

“…One study estimated power reductions in resting state alpha oscillations to be ~6 dB when comparing normal aging with mild cognitive impairment patients, which increased to ~10 dB for AD patients (Babiloni et al, 2013 ). Over the past decade, efforts have been made to derive aging and disease biomarkers from the EEG (Moretti et al, 2011 ; Babiloni et al, 2013 ; Miranda et al, 2019 ). This approach is appealing not only because of the empirical relationship between EEG amplitude and disease state, but also because the EEG contains information about underlying brain circuit dynamics and topography that might relate to disease mechanisms.…”