“…In some formulations, traits such as RRV or condition might be considered to be part of a POLS; for example, “slow” individuals might have consistently higher body condition or maintain a higher RRV longer, but we did not find this. While some previous works have found relationships supporting the predictions of the POLS (Adriaenssens & Johnsson, ; Dammhahn, ; Dosmann, Brooks, & Mateo, ; Hall et al., ; Hawlena et al., ; Montiglio, Garant, Bergeron, Dubuc Messier, & Réale, ; Niemelä, Dingemanse, Alioravainen, Vainikka, & Kortet, ; Niemelä, Lattenkamp, & Dingemanse, ), such predictions are not always confirmed (David, Pinxten, Martens, & Eens, ; Kluen, Siitari, & Brommer, ; Montiglio, Garant, Pelletier, & Réale, ; Réale, Martin, Coltman, Poissant, & Festa‐Bianchet, ). One possible explanation for variation among studies is the extent to which the behaviours assayed in each system differ from the theoretical concept of “risk‐taking” or “activity” which are employed in the POLS and similar hypotheses.…”