Evidence for alterations of cortical folding in anorexia nervosa

Schultz, C. Christoph; Wagner, Gerd; Cruz, Feliberto de la; Berger, Sandy; Reichenbach, Jürgen R.; Sauer, Heinrich; Bär, Karl Jürgen

doi:10.1007/s00406-015-0666-1

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the studies are not directly comparable, as lGI instead of AMC was applied. In contrast to our investigation, Schultz et al () and Bernardoni et al () found increased cortical folding in terms of AMC. However, it must be taken into account that Schultz et al () examined a mixed‐sex sample containing participants with acute AN and REC patients.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike our study, all previous studies (Bernardoni et al, ; Favaro et al, ; Miles et al, ; Schultz et al, ), used FreeSurfer instead of CAT12. In addition, no research group has yet chosen both a vertex‐ and ROI‐based approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…He confirmed reduced mean lGI in acute AN in five frontal and parietal clusters, but also reported differences between the REC and HC groups. Schultz et al () identified increased cortical folding (AMC) in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in acute AN. Nevertheless, he used a curvature‐based approach instead of the lGI Table .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altered cortical folding and reduced sulcal depth in adults with anorexia nervosa

Nickel

Joos

Elst

et al. 2019

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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Objective Previous studies on anorexia nervosa (AN) focused on cortical volume and mainly reported grey matter reduction. They also investigated cortical surface parameters, for example, absolute mean curvature (AMC) providing information on cortical folding or sulcal depth (SD). For the first time, we also analysed cortical complexity using fractal dimension (FD) in AN. Method In a cross‐sectional study, we performed surface analyses (AMC, SD, and FD) on 34 women with AN, 24 recovered from AN (REC), and 41 healthy controls (HC). Structural MR data was processed using the Computational Anatomy Toolbox and statistically compared across groups on a vertex‐ and region‐of‐interest‐wise level using statistical parametric mapping. Results We found a lower AMC and SD in AN, especially in temporal areas. FD was increased in the left precentral gyrus in AN. No differences of the parameters AMC, SD, or FD were evident between REC and HC participants. Conclusions Alterations in AMC, SD, and FD in AN patients, but not between the REC and HC groups, suggest that these alterations are state related. The findings concur with other structural AN studies that suggest restitution with clinical recovery. The changes may be due to malnutrition, dehydration, osmotic dysregulation, or hormonal aberrations during the acute stage.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Altered cortical folding and reduced sulcal depth in adults with anorexia nervosa

Nickel

Joos

Elst

et al. 2019

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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“…Alternatively, one can calculate local gyrification index (LGI), which provides information about the amount of cortex that is buried inside the sulci (Schaer et al, ). Both approaches have been previously used to examine cortical folding in acute AN, with two studies reporting significantly increased cortical curvature in AN (Bernardoni et al, ; Schultz et al, ) and another two reporting large‐scale reduction in local gyrification (Bernardoni et al, ; Favaro, Tenconi, Degortes, Manara, & Santonastaso, ). Taken together, these seemingly contradictory findings suggests increased sharpness of sulci and gyri in acute AN resulting in reduced cortical area inside the sulci.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical morphometry in anorexia nervosa: An out‐of‐sample replication study

Leppänen

Sedgewick

Cardi

et al. 2019

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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Background Acute anorexia nervosa (AN) is frequently accompanied by reduced global cortical volume. Investigations of local cortical alterations in AN have revealed widespread reduction in cortical thickness, gyrification, and curvature. The aim of the present study was to combine data from two previous studies to replicate previous findings. Methodology Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images from 46 adult women with AN and 54 age‐matched healthy comparison (HC) women were analysed using FreeSurfer. Group differences in cortical volume and local cortical measures, including gyrification, curvature, thickness, and area, were examined controlling for dataset and age. Results The AN group had reduced global cortical volume relative to the HC group. The AN group also had reduction in local cortical gyrification, small localised clusters of reduced cortical thickness, in the occipital and parietal cortices, and surface area in the frontal and temporal cortices. The AN group also had increased cortical thickness in the ACC relative to the HC participants. Conclusions The present findings replicate and validate previous findings of reduced global cortical volume and local gyrification in acute AN. The findings highlight the need for further investigation of local cortical folding, thickness, and surface area in AN to gain further insight into the biological underpinnings of AN.

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“…Other surface-based methods, such as the local gyrification index and cortical folding, have been employed to describe brain cortical changes in patients with AN [10][11][12]. Both measures displayed significant alterations in acute patients, but the interpretation of these findings is not clear, since gyrification tends to develop early in childhood and its alteration is usually attributed to prenatal or very early insults [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Complexity in Anorexia Nervosa: A Fractal Dimension Analysis

Collantoni

Madan

Meneguzzo

et al. 2020

JCM

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Fractal Dimension (FD) has shown to be a promising means to describe the morphology of cortical structures across different neurologic and psychiatric conditions, displaying a good sensitivity in capturing atrophy processes. In this study, we aimed at exploring the morphology of cortical areas by means of FD in 58 female patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) (38 currently underweight and 20 fully recovered) and 38 healthy controls (HC). All participants underwent high-resolution MRI. Surface extraction was completed using FreeSurfer, FD was computed using the calcFD toolbox. The whole cortex mean FD value was lower in acute AN patients compared to HC (p < 0.001). Recovered AN patients did not show differences in the global FD when compared to HC. However, some brain areas showed higher FD in patients than controls, while others showed the opposite pattern. Parietal regions showed lower FD in both AN groups. In acute AN patients, the FD correlated with age (p < 0.001), body mass index (p = 0.019) and duration of illness (p = 0.011). FD seems to represent a feasible method to explore cortical complexity in patients with AN since it demonstrated to be sensitive to the effects of both severity and duration of malnutrition.

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Evidence for alterations of cortical folding in anorexia nervosa

Cited by 12 publications

References 73 publications

Altered cortical folding and reduced sulcal depth in adults with anorexia nervosa

Altered cortical folding and reduced sulcal depth in adults with anorexia nervosa

Cortical morphometry in anorexia nervosa: An out‐of‐sample replication study

Cortical Complexity in Anorexia Nervosa: A Fractal Dimension Analysis

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