1994
DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(94)01232-6
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Evidence for catalytic formation of benzene from ethylene on tungsten ions

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Cited by 39 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…The cyclization is often coupled with activation of the CH bond, and as a consequence M + ‐mediated cyclization reactions in the gas phase are accompanied by dehydrogenation steps to eventually form quite stable aromatic complexes with M + . The most classical example of the stepwise route64 is the gas‐phase trimerization of ethene by atomic W + ,65 U + ,66 or the Fe 4 + cluster 67…”
Section: Metal‐mediated Coupling Processesmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The cyclization is often coupled with activation of the CH bond, and as a consequence M + ‐mediated cyclization reactions in the gas phase are accompanied by dehydrogenation steps to eventually form quite stable aromatic complexes with M + . The most classical example of the stepwise route64 is the gas‐phase trimerization of ethene by atomic W + ,65 U + ,66 or the Fe 4 + cluster 67…”
Section: Metal‐mediated Coupling Processesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although the latter reaction step is very exothermic, the heat of reaction liberated is usually not sufficient to overcome the large bond dissociation energy of M + ‐C 6 H 6 to release benzene;58, 68 as a consequence, regeneration of the active catalyst M + is not observed under thermal conditions. This is only achieved by detaching the benzene ligand from the metal center by, for example, collision‐induced dissociation;65–67 for M + =Fe 4 + , this requires approximately 75 kcal mol −1 67. Of course, in a “perfect” catalytic system the catalyst should be regenerated in the reaction system without additional supply of energy.…”
Section: Metal‐mediated Coupling Processesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cyclisierungen sind häufig mit der Aktivierung von C‐H‐Bindungen gekoppelt, sodass die M + ‐vermittelte Gasphasencyclisierung mit Dehydrierungsschritten und anschließender Bildung stabiler M + ‐Arenkomplexe einhergeht. Klassische Beispiele hierfür sind die schrittweise verlaufenden64 Gasphasentrimerisierungen von Ethen durch die Metall‐Kationen W + 65 und U + 66 oder den Fe 4 + ‐Cluster 67…”
Section: Metall‐vermittelte Kupplungsprozesseunclassified
“…[1][2][3][4] The formation of benzene has also been observed in the gas phase from acetylene on Fe ϩ and from ethylene on W ϩ and U ϩ . [5][6][7][8][9] Various hypotheses have been formulated to explain what is going on, but a detailed mechanism is not available yet. These reactions represent a good challenge for theoretical methods.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%