Evidence for changes in the Alzheimer's disease brain cortical membrane structure mediated by cholesterol

Multiple inhibitory effects of Alzheimer's peptide Aβ1–40 on lipid biosynthesis in cultured human HepG2 cells

“…1A) would clarify the cholesterol to tions, but may well represent the local tissue environment in phospholipid mole ratio decrease in the AD temporal gyrus AD brain. If the inhibitory effects of A~ protein, reported versus age-matched controls, observed previously [26]. Our here in the model of HepG2 cells of hepatic origin, similarly data thus extend current knowledge [23][24][25][26], providing a postake place in the brain tissue, it would suggest an explanation sible biochemical explanation for membrane destabilization of the reported changes in lipid composition in specifc brain secondary to a lipid compositional aberration as a mechanism regions in AD [23 25].…”

Lipid Binding to Amyloid β‐Peptide Aggregates: Preferential Binding of Cholesterol as Compared with Phosphatidylcholine and Fatty Acids

“…However, data on lipid content of Alzheimer' s patients do not support elevated cholesterol content in brains of Alzheimer' s patients (Mason et al, 1992). The cholesterol to phospholipid ratio was decreased by 30% in the temporal gyms of autopsied brains from Alzheimer's patients as compared with control brains (Mason et al, 1992). This reduction in the cholesterol to phospholipid ratio was attributed to a reduction of cholesterol content because the phospholipid to protein ratio was similar in brains from Alzheimer's patients and control subjects.…”

“…It was suggested that cholesterol may interfere with proteases that act on amybid precursor proteins and that elevated cholesterol levels may be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (Bodovitz and Klein, 1996). However, data on lipid content of Alzheimer' s patients do not support elevated cholesterol content in brains of Alzheimer' s patients (Mason et al, 1992). The cholesterol to phospholipid ratio was decreased by 30% in the temporal gyms of autopsied brains from Alzheimer's patients as compared with control brains (Mason et al, 1992).…”

“…It has been reported that levels of both phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine were reduced in membranes of patients with Alzheimer's disease (Nitsch et al, 1992). The cholesterol to phospholipid ratio was 30% lower in brain tissue of patients with Alzheimer's disease than in brain tissue of control subjects (Mason et al, 1992), which was attributed to a reduction in membrane cholesterol content.…”

Metalloenzyme-like Activity of Alzheimer's Disease β-Amyloid

“…A␤ penetrates lipid membranes when bound to Cu 2ϩ or Zn 2ϩ (9) where it could potentially convert membrane cholesterol into H 2 O 2 . Scavenging of cholesterol by A␤⅐Cu activity may also contribute to the membrane thinning and pathology seen in AD cortical tissue (28). Similarly, the availability of progesterone as a substrate for H 2 O 2 generation by A␤ (Fig.…”