Evidence for Direct Neural Toxicity of a “Light” Oil on the Peripheral Nerves of Lightbrown Apple Moth

Taverner, Peter; Gunning, Robin V.; Kolesik, Peter; Bailey, Peter; Inceoglu, Armet B.; Hammock, Bruce G.; Roush, Richard T.

doi:10.1006/pest.2000.2527

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The tracheal inflow of oil was reported for the first time by Moore and Graham (1918), and addressed after that by several authors (Roy et al, 1943;Stadler et al, 1996;Taverner et al, 2001). Stadler et al (1996) found evidence of the inflow of PDSOs to the trachea of Lepidoptera larvae (Anticarsia gemmatalis Hub.…”

Section: Effects On Insect Larvae and Adults 221 Spiracle Or Trachementioning

confidence: 89%

“…The residual film may inhibit insects from attaching to plant surfaces (Trammel, 1965). Also, it should be noted that "arrested activity" in insects is one recurrent symptom caused by PDSOs that has been reported directly or indirectly by many authors in laboratory toxicity tests (Xie and Isman, 1995;Stadler et al, 1996;Taverner, 2001;Najar-Rodríguez et al, 2007;Najar-Rodríguez et al, 2008). Antifeedant properties of oils and starvation through deterrence have also been documented (Baxendale and Johnson, 1988;Najar-Rodríguez et al, 2007;.…”

Section: Effect On Insect Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…As opposed to traditional synthetic insecticides, oils target multiple sites and do not interact with specific receptors since their toxic effects or narcosis, depend on the interaction between their physical and chemical properties and those of the insect. Oils show affinity to the insect body surface and penetrate the insect cuticle (Stadler and Buteler, 2009), dissolve internal lipids (Taverner et al, 1999) and eventually penetrate internal cell structures (Taverner et al, 2001;Taverner, 2002) (Table 1). Smith and Pearce (1948) studied the respiratory effects of oils on eggs of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and found them to be responsible for decreased respiration rate, presumably through mechanical interference with normal gaseous exchange.…”

Section: Mode Of Action and Target Sites Of Pdsosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…trachea). Taverner et al (2001) emulsified C15 alkane used by Australian citrus packers to control surface pests, penetrates the tracheoles of lightbrown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana Walker, (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Confocal microscopy showed that if larvae were dipped in oil and then exposed to the air, the oil penetrated the tracheal system, but the extent of penetration varied with the type of oil.…”

Section: Effects On Insect Larvae and Adults 221 Spiracle Or Trachementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These specific lipoproteic complexes are capable of sequestering hydrophobic core lipids from the hydrophilic environment of the haemolymph (Blacklock and Ryan, 1993) and of transporting lipids and hydrocarbons within the insect body (Schal et al, 2001), which finally accumulate in lipid-containing tissues. Taverner et al (2001) showed that treatment with Citrus Postharvest Dip (Ampol Research and Development Laboratories, Brisbane, Queensland), a formulated C15 alkane, affected neuron lipid membranes in Epiphyas postvittana Walker, (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Electrophisiology recordings showed that the alkane induced a rapid onset of multiple nerve firing in peripheral nerves of E. postvittana larvae.…”

Section: Effect On Insect Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

A Review on the Mode of Action and Current Use of Petroleum Distilled Spray Oils

Buteler¹,

Stadler²

2011

Pesticides in the Modern World - Pesticides Use and Management

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Section: Effects On Insect Larvae and Adults 221 Spiracle Or Trachementioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Effect On Insect Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Mode Of Action and Target Sites Of Pdsosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects On Insect Larvae and Adults 221 Spiracle Or Trachementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect On Insect Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Review on the Mode of Action and Current Use of Petroleum Distilled Spray Oils

Buteler¹,

Stadler²

2011

Pesticides in the Modern World - Pesticides Use and Management

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The efficacy of a petroleum spray oil against Aphis gossypii Glover on cotton. Part 2: Indirect effects of oil deposits

Najar-Rodríguez

Walter

Mensah

2007

Pest Management Science

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The primary mode of action of petroleum spray oils (PSOs) on pest insects is through direct contact. Indirect effects are, however, also possible, and deposits of the oils may influence pest populations by killing insects and/or by influencing their behaviour. The indirect effects of deposits of a new nC24 oil against the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, were therefore determined. The effects of oil deposits on the acceptance of cotton as host plant by the aphids were assessed, as well as aphid mortality rates and their success in the establishment of colonies. The efficacy of deposits of a heavier oil (nC27) was also evaluated. Deposits of PSO were toxic to A. gossypii and remained effective until 8 days after spraying. Mortality decreased with time, so that, the older the deposit, the lower was the mortality. Significantly higher aphid mortalities were achieved on younger leaves than on mature ones. Thus, leaf age proved a significant factor in the efficacy of the deposits. Consecutive prophylactic applications (at 9 day intervals) did not have a cumulative effect, and their killing power proved to be independent of one another. Thus, applying the oil prior to aphid infestations would confer only minimal protection. The mortality inflicted by the deposits was not improved by increasing the molecular mass of the oil used (nC27 oil), but the toxic life of the oil deposit was increased. Oil deposits did not deter alates from landing on oil-sprayed plants. Oil deposits did, however, affect subsequent alate and nymphal survival, and thus the establishment of aphid colonies. The impact that the oils could have on the longer-term development of aphid populations in the field was thus demonstrated. First- and second-instar nymphs were the most susceptible life stages, with > 50% mortality compared with < 10% for the other stages. These nymphs did not show the typical signs of oil-induced mortality observed in aphids killed by direct oil applications, which suggests an alternative mode of action to that of the directly applied oil. Anoxia does not seem to be involved in either process, and alternative modes of action of the oil deposits are discussed. The implications of these findings for cotton aphid control are also considered, primarily in relation to the timing and frequency of oil application.

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The efficacy of a petroleum spray oil against Aphis gossypii Glover on cotton. Part 1: Mortality rates and sources of variation

Najar-Rodríguez

Walter

Mensah

2007

Pest Management Science

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Petroleum spray oils (PSOs) kill insect pests on contact, and the composition of modern PSOs is substantially different from the ones introduced earlier. The effects of direct application of a new nC24 PSO on the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, were therefore determined. This covered not only aphid mortality rates but also the way in which the oils affected aphid behaviour at the time of contact with the oil. Direct application of the nC24 oil proved to be highly effective in controlling A. gossypii at a range of concentrations between 1 and 10% v/v. The oil killed cotton aphids quickly, with most of the mortality occurring within the first 10 min of spraying. The fast killing action of the oils prevented any behavioural responses by the aphids. Aphids killed by the oils became flaccid and their legs and antennae extended horizontally relative to the body axis. With time, their cuticle became very shiny and began to darken. The quick death of the aphids suggested a contact mode of action of the oils, an interpretation supported by the lack of any negative effect on aphids not initially reached by the oils. However, those aphids not hit by the oils, but that subsequently encountered oil-treated areas when they moved elsewhere, also died, indicating that the oil deposits are also toxic to the aphids. The mode of action of the oil thus seems to be versatile, and the means by which it kills the aphids may be more complex than anoxia, which is the widely claimed mechanism attributed to PSOs. This oil now needs to be tested for any possible indirect effects on the cotton aphid (e.g. through its host-plant acceptance behaviour). The implications of the present findings for cotton aphid control and assessment of PSO efficacy in the field are discussed.

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Evidence for Direct Neural Toxicity of a “Light” Oil on the Peripheral Nerves of Lightbrown Apple Moth

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

A Review on the Mode of Action and Current Use of Petroleum Distilled Spray Oils

A Review on the Mode of Action and Current Use of Petroleum Distilled Spray Oils

The efficacy of a petroleum spray oil against Aphis gossypii Glover on cotton. Part 2: Indirect effects of oil deposits

The efficacy of a petroleum spray oil against Aphis gossypii Glover on cotton. Part 1: Mortality rates and sources of variation

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