Evidence for enhanced debris-flow activity in the Northern Calcareous Alps since the 1980s (Plansee, Austria)

Dietrich, Andreas; Krautblatter, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.01.013

Cited by 50 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Furthermore, the quality of the results strongly depends on the surveyors' experience, skills and knowledge of the pre-event terrain (Scheidl et al 2008). Therefore, the use of various remote sensing techniques has been reported for debris flow mapping, including: High-resolution satellite imaging (Youssef et al 2016;Elkadiri et al 2014), manned-aircraft photography (Dietrich and Krautblatter 2016), airborne laser scanning (ALS) (Kim et al 2014;Bull et al 2010;Scheidl et al 2008) or a combination of the above (Willi et al 2015). However, compared with other natural hazard events (e.g., floods, earthquakes), debris flows affect relatively small areas (usually < 5 km 2 ).…”

Section: Uav For Debris Flow Mapping and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for engineering geology applications

Giordan

Adams

Aicardi

et al. 2020

Bull Eng Geol Environ

237

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This paper represents the result of the IAEG C35 Commission "Monitoring methods and approaches in engineering geology applications" workgroup aimed to describe a general overview of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and their potentiality in several engineering geology applications. The use of UAV has progressively increased in the last decade and nowadays started to be considered a standard research instrument for the acquisition of images and other information on demand over an area of interest. UAV represents a cheap and fast solution for the on-demand acquisition of detailed images of an area of interest and the creation of detailed 3D models and orthophoto. The use of these systems required a good background of data processing and a good drone pilot ability for the management of the flight mission in particular in a complex environment.

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Section: Uav For Debris Flow Mapping and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for engineering geology applications

Giordan

Adams

Aicardi

et al. 2020

Bull Eng Geol Environ

237

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Recent studies provide quantitative evidence for increasing frequencies of debris flows in the last few decades due to increased rainstorm frequencies, e.g. in the Northern Calcareous Alps (Dietrich and Krautblatter, 2017) in the Carpathian Mountains (Šilhán and Tichavský, 2016), the Italian Alps (Pelfini and Santilli, 2008) and parts of the Rocky Mountains (Rubin et al, 2012;Rathburn et al, 2013). Most debris flows are either initiated as landslides by widespread Coulomb failure within a sloping soil mass (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering controls for debris‐flow erosion derived from a LiDAR‐recorded extreme event and a calibrated numerical model (Roßbichelbach, Germany)

Dietrich

Krautblatter

2019

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Debris flows are among the most destructive and hazardous mass movements on steep mountains. An understanding of debris‐flow erosion, entrainment and resulting volumes is a key requirement for modelling debris‐flow propagation and impact, as well as analysing the associated risks. As quantitative controls of erosion and entrainment are not well understood, total volume, runout and impact energies of debris flows are often significantly underestimated. Here, we present an analysis of geomorphic change induced by an erosive debris‐flow event in the German Alps in June 2015. More than 50 terrestrial laser scans of a 1.2 km long mountain torrent recorded geomorphic change in comparison to an airborne laser scan performed in 2007. Errors were calculated using a spatial variable threshold based on the point density of airborne laser scanning and terrestrial laser scanning and the slope of the digital elevation models. Highest erosion rates approach 5.0 m3/m2 (mean 0.6 m3/m2). During the event 9550 ± 1550 m3 was eroded whereas only 650 ± 150 m3 was deposited in the channel. Velocity, flow pressure, momentum and shear stress were calculated using a carefully calibrated RAMMS Debris Flow model including material entrainment. Here we present a linear regression model relating debris‐flow erosion rates to momentum and shear stress with an R2 up to 68%. Channel transitions from bedrock to loose debris sections cause excessive erosion up to 1 m3/m2 due to previously unreleased random kinetic energy now available for erosion. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…), although in mountain areas, rainstorms dominate debris flow triggering and occurrence (Wieczorek 1987;Wieczorek and Glade 2005), making them difficult to predict (Marra et al 2017), especially because the role of predisposing factors such as antecedent rainfall can be difficult to quantify (Bel et al 2017). Consequently, recent research has shown that climate change will have impact on their amplitude and frequency (Gariano and Guzzetti 2008;Dietrich and Krautblatter 2017).…”

Section: Debris Flows and Debris Flow Fansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Point cloud technology and 2D computational flow dynamic modeling for rapid hazards and disaster risk appraisal on Yellow Creek fan, Southern Alps of New Zealand

Gomez

Purdie

2018

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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Glacial recession in Alpine Valleys uncorks low-altitude tributary valleys that spill trapped sediments in the sediment cascade, in turn generating sediment-related hazards and flood hazards. Within this complex, the present contribution investigates the transition zone between the tributary and the main valley at Fox Glacier, New Zealand, where glacier recession has allowed the development of large debris flow fans. As the valley is narrow and its geomorphology is rapidly evolving, 3D point cloud technologies based on aerial photogrammetry from UAV or ground and airborne laser technologies are essential to understand the geomorphology and generate boundary conditions to run hazard simulations such as debris flows. Using airborne structure from motion photogrammetry with ground control points collected by RTK-GNSS, we investigated (1) the geomorphology of the valley to understand its evolution and (2) the role of this recent evolution on the flood hazards at the Yellow Creek debris flow fan. The geomorphology of the Fox River valley is a typical U-shape valley with steep valley walls that command the valley by more than 1000 m. The valley walls are connected to the bottom of the valley by active sediment aprons and debris flow fans at the exit of the tributaries. The slopes present several topographic steps or noses on both the aprons and the debris flow fans. By comparison with the glacial recession, they can be related to past locations of the limits of the glacier. On Straight Creek fan, the ridges are perpendicular to the valley and divide the fan between an overgrown half downstream the Fox Valley and an upstream section thinner and smaller. This pattern was also created by the presence of the glacier that stopped the development of the fan on its right (upstream half) while developing the true left hand side of the fan. On the other side of the valley, the debris flow fan of Yellow Creek presents a series of deep trough that control water flows. Flood simulations show that these controls can be overcome and instead of being channeled in other sub-channels, the flow tends to spread on the true right (downstream) end of the fan as a sheet flow. In the 2014 state of the fan, the safest location was thus on the true left half of the fan towards the glacier. Such information is essential as tourists occupy the valley and walk towards the glacier the whole year.

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Evidence for enhanced debris-flow activity in the Northern Calcareous Alps since the 1980s (Plansee, Austria)

Cited by 50 publications

References 60 publications

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for engineering geology applications

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for engineering geology applications

Deciphering controls for debris‐flow erosion derived from a LiDAR‐recorded extreme event and a calibrated numerical model (Roßbichelbach, Germany)

Point cloud technology and 2D computational flow dynamic modeling for rapid hazards and disaster risk appraisal on Yellow Creek fan, Southern Alps of New Zealand

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