Evidence for storm-dominated early progradation of Castle Neck barrier, Massachusetts, USA

Dougherty, Amy; FitzGerald, Duncan M.; Buynevich, Ilya V.

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2004.05.006

Cited by 68 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Moreover, earlier studies showed that the sediment characteristics changed significantly in view of deposition by the extreme events (Loveson et al 2007). This situation is also comparable to the observations made in some coastal barriers in the USA (Buynevicha et al 2004;Dougherty et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Beach ridge sediments have been studied with 900 MHz antenna at northern Essex coastline, UK and it was found that there is good correlation with field data on the sets of lamination and beds (Neal et al 2003). Storm dominated sediments in the barrier at the Castle Neck beach, USA have been mapped using 120 MHz antenna where garnet layers were recorded at above 1 m depth (Dougherty et al 2004). Sedimentary records of extreme events in Maine, USA have been correlated with GPR data and at least four storm scarps were identified (Buynevicha et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GPR studies over the tsunami affected Karaikal beach, Tamil Nadu, south India

et al. 2014

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In this study, results of GPR profiling related to mapping of subsurface sedimentary layers at tsunami affected Karaikal beach are presented. A 400 MHz antenna was used for profiling along 262 m stretch of transect from beach to backshore areas with penetration of about 2.0 m depth (50 ns two-way travel time). The velocity analysis was carried out to estimate the depth information along the GPR profile. Based on the significant changes in the reflection amplitude, three different zones are marked and the upper zone is noticed with less moisture compared to other two (saturated) zones. The water table is noticed to vary from 0.5 to 0.75 m depth (12-15 ns) as moving away from the coastline. Buried erosional surface is observed at 1.5 m depth (40-42 ns), which represents the limit up to which the extreme event acted upon. In other words, it is the depth to which the tsunami sediments have been piled up to about 1.5 m thickness. Three field test pits were made along the transect and sedimentary sequences were recorded. The sand layers, especially, heavy mineral layers, recorded in the test pits indicate a positive correlation with the amplitude and velocity changes in the GPR profile. Such interpretation seems to be difficult in the middle zone due to its water saturation condition. But it is fairly clear in the lower zone located just below the erosional surface where the strata is comparatively more compact. The inferences from the GPR profile thus provide a lucid insight to the subsurface sediment sequences of the tsunami sediments in the Karaikal beach.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GPR studies over the tsunami affected Karaikal beach, Tamil Nadu, south India

et al. 2014

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“…turn are mainly controlled by the water content of the materials (Davis and Annan, 1989;Daniels, 1996;Grant et al, 1998;Rodríguez Santalla et al, 2009). In general, reflections from the interior of aeolian dunes are produced principally by changes in moisture (Van Dam and Schlager, 2000;Van Dam, 2001;Schenk et al, 2009) and concentrations of heavy minerals (Dougherty et al, 2004;Moore et al, 2004). Images of the subsurface were acquired using an Ingegneria Dei Sistemi-Ground Penetrating Radar (IDS-GPR) system RIS MF Hi-Mod #1 equipped with a dual frequency antenna (200 and 600 MHz).…”

Section: Ground Penetrating Radar (Gpr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

How did the AD 1755 tsunami impact on sand barriers across the southern coast of Portugal?

et al. 2016

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Tsunamis are highly energetic events that may destructively impact the coast. Resolving the degree of coastal resilience to tsunamis is extremely difficult and sometimes impossible. In part, our understanding is constrained by the limited number of contemporaneous examples and by the high dynamism of coastal systems. In fact, longterm changes of coastal systems can mask the evidence of past tsunamis, leaving us a short or incomplete sedimentary archive. Here, we present a multidisciplinary approach involving sedimentological, geomorphological and geophysical analyses and numerical modelling of the AD 1755 tsunami flood on a coastal segment located within the southern coast of Portugal. In particular, the work focuses on deciphering the impact of the tsunami waves over a coastal sand barrier enclosing two lowlands largely inundated by the tsunami flood. Erosional features documented by geophysical data were assigned to the AD 1755 event with support of sedimentological and age estimation results. Furthermore, these features allowed the calibration of the simulation settings to reconstruct the local conditions and establish the run-up range of the AD 1755 tsunami when it hit this coast (6-8 m above mean sea level). Our work highlights the usefulness of erosional imprints preserved in the sediment record to interpret the impact of the extreme events on sand barriers.

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“…Additionally, topographic profiles of the present-day beach and sediment samples from each facies should be collected, preferably capturing both storm and swell geometry and sedimentology. Within the beach facies, storm lag deposits are displayed more prominently than the intervening swell accretion, this contrast, combined with distinct geometries, enables storm records to be extracted (Buynevich et al, 2007;Buynevich et al, 2004;Dougherty et al, 2004). As a whole, the high to medium 15 amplitude beachface signatures standout compared to the weak or reflections-free signals in the dune and nearshore facies (Figure 4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical note: Optimizing the utility of combined GPR, OSL, and LiDAR (GOaL) to extract paleoenvironmental records and decipher shoreline evolution

Dougherty¹,

Choi²,

Turney³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Records of past sea levels, storms, and their impacts on coastline are crucial in forecasting future changes resulting from anthropogenic global warming. Coastal barriers that have prograded over the Holocene preserve within their accreting sands history of storm erosion and changes in sea level. High-resolution geophysics, geochronology, and remote sensing techniques offer an optimal way to extract these records and decipher shoreline evolution: Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) images the lateral extent of relict shoreline dune morphology; Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data 15 records paleo-dune, beach and nearshore stratigraphy; Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dates when sand grains were deposited that form these shorelines. Utilization of these technological advances has recently become more prevalent in coastal research. The resolution and sensitivity of these methods offer unique insights on coastal environments and their relationship to past climate change. However, discrepancies in analysis and presentation of the data can result in erroneous interpretations. When utilized correctly on prograded barriers these methods (independently or in various combinations) 20 have produced storm records, constructed sea-level curves, quantified sediment budgets, and deciphered coastal evolution.Therefore, combining the application of GPR, OSL, and LiDAR (GOaL) on one prograded barrier has the potential to generate detailed records of storms, sea level, and sediment supply for that coastline. Obtaining this GOaL hat-trick can provide valuable insights into how these three factors influenced past and future barrier evolution. Here we argue that systematically achieving GOaL hat-tricks on some of the 300+ prograded barriers worldwide would allow us to disentangle 25 local patterns of sediment supply from regional effects of storms or global changes in sea level, allowing direct comparison to climate proxy records. To fully realize this aim requires standardization of methods to optimize results. The impetus for this initiative is to establish a framework for consistent data analysis that maximizes the potential of GOaL to contribute to climate change research and assist coastal communities in mitigating future impacts of global warming.Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi

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Evidence for storm-dominated early progradation of Castle Neck barrier, Massachusetts, USA

Cited by 68 publications

References 12 publications

GPR studies over the tsunami affected Karaikal beach, Tamil Nadu, south India

GPR studies over the tsunami affected Karaikal beach, Tamil Nadu, south India

How did the AD 1755 tsunami impact on sand barriers across the southern coast of Portugal?

Technical note: Optimizing the utility of combined GPR, OSL, and LiDAR (GOaL) to extract paleoenvironmental records and decipher shoreline evolution

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