Evidence for the Presence ofE0in Direct Competition withM1andE2

Abstract

Gamma-electron and electron-gamma angular directional correlation measurements have been obtained for the 334.0-356.5 kev cascade in Pt 196 by use of a beta-spectrometer and a Nal(Tl) scintillation detector. The result obtained for the A 2 term in the gamma-electron case is in agreement with earlier gamma-gamma measurements by Steffen. The electron-gamma A 2 term gives evidence for admixtures due to electric monopole internal conversion as predicted by Church and Weneser.

C13(p, γ)N141.47- and 2.11-Mev Resonances and

“…Therefore monopole transitions have usually been observed between two spin-zero levels. The cases of monopole transitions reported so far in the literature occur in the nuclei C 12 , 1 O 16 , 2 Ca 40 , [3][4][5] Ge 70 , 6 Ge 72 , 7 Zr 90 , 5 ' 6 ' 8 ' 9 Cd 114 , 10 Pt 196 , 11 Bi 212 , 12 Po 214 , 13 ' 14 U 234 , 15 and Pu 238 . 15 The…”

“…long center crystal from the cross section for pair production. 12 The angular distributions of the 7 rays, for which 11 D. E. Alburger and B. J. Toppel, Phys. Rev.…”

“…In Bi 212 the transition is between the first and third excited states, for both of which the assignment of 0-is made; however, the evidence for this case is not yet very conclusive. The recent paper by Gerholm and Pettersson 11 gives evidence for the existence of an electric monopole transition in competition with an electric quadrupolemagnetic dipole mixture in a 2+-2+ transition in The first excited states of Ca 40 and Zr 90 are 0+ states which decay to the 0+ ground state primarily by the emission of internal pairs or conversion electrons. These states have been excited by neutron inelastic scattering and their decay times have been observed by detecting the 0.51-Mev annihilation gamma rays as a function of time.…”

Monopole transitions of atomic nuclei

“…Переход из этого состояния в нормальное был обнаружен затем на опы-те 123 . В β-излучении Υ 90 Так как коэффициенты при P t (cos θ) в функции (1,49), описывающей угловую корреляцию ец -γ, исследовались 133 с учетом возможного, зависимого от времени возмущения, вызываемого магнитным взаимодей-ствием между электронной оболочкой, возбужденной предшествующим ίί-захватом или ϋΓ-конверсией, и ядерным магнитным моментом,-для q получается значение, лежащее в пределах 0,24< #< (0,56 ±0,10) (нижний предел для q получен с учетом, а верхний -без учета указан-ного возмущения).…”