Evidence for the sensitivity of operant timing behaviour to stimulation of D1 dopamine receptors

Cheung, T. H. C.; Bezzina, G.; Hampson, C. L.; Body, S.; Fone, Kevin C. F.; Bradshaw, C. M.; Szabadi, E.

doi:10.1007/s00213-007-0892-y

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Firstly, the role of D1 and D2 receptors in timing in the seconds to minutes range appears to be task dependent, as a number of recent studies have shown evidence for D1 involvement in timing in this range, using tasks that were not used in earlier studies showing D2 involvement ( e.g. [140]–[143]). Additionally, several studies showing D2 involvement in earlier tasks also showed D1 involvement ( e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trading Speed and Accuracy by Coding Time: A Coupled-circuit Cortical Model

et al. 2013

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Our actions take place in space and time, but despite the role of time in decision theory and the growing acknowledgement that the encoding of time is crucial to behaviour, few studies have considered the interactions between neural codes for objects in space and for elapsed time during perceptual decisions. The speed-accuracy trade-off (SAT) provides a window into spatiotemporal interactions. Our hypothesis is that temporal coding determines the rate at which spatial evidence is integrated, controlling the SAT by gain modulation. Here, we propose that local cortical circuits are inherently suited to the relevant spatial and temporal coding. In simulations of an interval estimation task, we use a generic local-circuit model to encode time by ‘climbing’ activity, seen in cortex during tasks with a timing requirement. The model is a network of simulated pyramidal cells and inhibitory interneurons, connected by conductance synapses. A simple learning rule enables the network to quickly produce new interval estimates, which show signature characteristics of estimates by experimental subjects. Analysis of network dynamics formally characterizes this generic, local-circuit timing mechanism. In simulations of a perceptual decision task, we couple two such networks. Network function is determined only by spatial selectivity and NMDA receptor conductance strength; all other parameters are identical. To trade speed and accuracy, the timing network simply learns longer or shorter intervals, driving the rate of downstream decision processing by spatially non-selective input, an established form of gain modulation. Like the timing network's interval estimates, decision times show signature characteristics of those by experimental subjects. Overall, we propose, demonstrate and analyse a generic mechanism for timing, a generic mechanism for modulation of decision processing by temporal codes, and we make predictions for experimental verification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trading Speed and Accuracy by Coding Time: A Coupled-circuit Cortical Model

et al. 2013

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“…For example, it has long been hypothesized that dopamine overactivity is related to schizophrenia [5][6][7] , and an important brain region where neurotransmitter activity contributes to schizophrenic symptoms is the striatum 3,8,9 , which is known to be involved in the control of timing 10,11 . Changes in dopamine activity also influences performance in timing tasks 9,12 ; increased dopamine activity in the striatum slows subjective time-perception, making subjects over-estimate the passage of time 13,14 . Although multiple mechanisms may be responsible for dopamine-related disruption of time-perception in schizophrenia (e.g., impact on pacemakers and accumulators, working and reference memory, and comparator processes 15 ), the episodic nature of schizophrenia 16,17 , and the changes in potentiallyassociated dopaminergic levels 6,7 , suggest that individuals in an acute phase of the disorder, or not on medication, might be particularly prone to altered time-perception and that such time-perception effects may be variable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered time-perception performance in individuals with high schizotypy levels

Reed

Randell

2014

Psychiatry Research

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The possibility of altered time-perception in high schizotypy scorers, as postulated through previous differences shown in performance between high and low scorers in schizotypy on schedules of reinforcement with temporal elements, was examined using a series of retrospective timing tasks. Three stimuli ratio manipulations were made across two experiments, and, using an adjusted version of the bisection-point method for data analysis, results showed that high scorers on the unusual experiences subscale of the O-LIFE(B) estimated the mid point of the stimulus range to be at a significantly longer interval than low scorers. This was true when the ratio between the "short" and "long" standard stimuli were 4:1 (Experiment 1), 3:1 and 2:1 (Experiment 2). These findings are consistent with the notion of altered time-perception for high schizotypals.

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“…Other timing research has reported the disruption of timing precision as a result of manipulating motivation-related variables (Balci, Ludvig, & Brunner, 2010;Galtress & Kirkpatrick, 2009;Ludvig, Balci, & Spetch, 2011;Plowright, Church, Behnke, & Silverman, 2000;Ward & Odum, 2006, disruptions in attention (Buhusi & Meck, 2006a, 2006bWard & Odum, 2007) pharmacological manipulations that target the neurotransmitter dopamine (e.g., Body, Cheung, Valencia-Torres, Olarte-Sanchez, Fone, Bradshaw, & Szabadi, 2013;Cheung et al, 2007;Odum, 2002). How different time markers might affect temporal control of behavior has received little attention by comparison; however, recent research suggests that it may be an important variable (Caetano & Church, 2009;Fox & Kyonka, 2013, 2015.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of signaling on temporal control of behavior in response‐initiated fixed intervals

Fox¹,

Kyonka²

2016

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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Behavior and events distributed in time can serve as markers that signal delays to future events. The majority of timing research has focused on how behavior changes as the time to some event, usually food availability, decreases. The primary objective of the two experiments presented here was to assess how behavior changes as time passes between two time markers when the first time marker was manipulated but the second, food delivery, was held constant. Pigeons were exposed to fixed-interval, response-initiated fixed-interval, and signaled response-initiated fixed-interval 15- and 30-s schedules of reinforcement. In Experiment 1, first-response latencies were systematically shorter in the signaled response-initiated schedules than response-initiated schedules, suggesting that the first response was a more effective time marker when it was signaled. In Experiment 2, responding in no-food (i.e. "peak") trials indicated that timing accuracy was equivalent in the three schedule types. Compared to fixed interval schedules, timing precision was reduced in the signaled response-initiated schedules and was lowest in response-initiated schedules. Results from Experiments 1 and 2 coupled with previous research suggest that the overall "informativeness" of a time marker relative to other events and behaviors in the environment may determine its efficacy.

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Evidence for the sensitivity of operant timing behaviour to stimulation of D1 dopamine receptors

Abstract: Stimulation of D(1)-like dopamine receptors affects performance in the free-operant psychophysical procedure.

Cited by 18 publications

References 59 publications

Trading Speed and Accuracy by Coding Time: A Coupled-circuit Cortical Model

Trading Speed and Accuracy by Coding Time: A Coupled-circuit Cortical Model

Altered time-perception performance in individuals with high schizotypy levels

Effects of signaling on temporal control of behavior in response‐initiated fixed intervals

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