Evidence for two classes of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 binding sites in classical vs. nonclassical target tissues

Gensure, Robert C.; Riggle, Paul C.; Antrobus, Steve D.; Walters, Marian R.

doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(05)81145-3

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The presence of VDR indicates that germ cells are exposed to VD progenitors and receptor binding can be achieved with 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 concentrations below 1 nM. The observed binding affinity is in line with a previous study showing that K d for VDR in the rat testis was 50 pM (Gensure et al 1991). Later in vitro studies also showed rapid effects when using similar 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 concentrations (50 pM-1 nM) in both immature rodent Sertoli cells and ejaculated human spermatozoa (Blomberg Jensen et al 2011, Menegaz et al 2011, Zanatta et al 2011c.…”

Section: Vitamin D and Male Reproductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Vitamin D metabolism, sex hormones, and male reproductive function

Jensen¹

2012

Reproduction

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The spectrum of vitamin D (VD)-mediated effects has expanded in recent years, and VD is now recognized as a versatile signaling molecule rather than being solely a regulator of bone health and calcium homeostasis. One of the recently identified target areas of VD is male reproductive function. The VD receptor (VDR) and the VD metabolizing enzyme expression studies documented the presence of this system in the testes, mature spermatozoa, and ejaculatory tract, suggesting that both systemic and local VD metabolism may influence male reproductive function. However, it is still debated which cell is the main VD target in the testis and to what extent VD is important for sex hormone production and function of spermatozoa. This review summarizes descriptive studies on testicular VD metabolism and spatial distribution of VDR and the VD metabolizing enzymes in the mammalian testes and discusses mechanistic and association studies conducted in animals and humans. The reviewed evidence suggests some effects of VD on estrogen and testosterone biosynthesis and implicates involvement of both systemic and local VD metabolism in the regulation of male fertility potential.

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Section: Vitamin D and Male Reproductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Vitamin D metabolism, sex hormones, and male reproductive function

Jensen¹

2012

Reproduction

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“…Bound and free hormone were separated by the hydroxyapatite (HAP) assay. (27,36) DNA was measured by the method of Burton. (37) Due to technical limitations related in part to the issue of receptor stability, it was not possible to test all tissues in each experiment.…”

Section: 25(oh) 2 D 3 Binding Site Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the initial observation of this phenomenon utilized ϪD rats, (27) VDR levels were next compared in kidney, testis, heart, and lung in rats that were raised on a normal vitamin D-replete (ϩD) diet versus the ϪD diet ( Fig. 1).…”

Section: Differential Vdr Regulation In Different 125(oh) 2 D 3 Targmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(27) Although the basis for these apparent differences in VDR affinity have not been fully established, it was important to consider the possibility that they could result in experimental errors in assessing differences in effects on VDR levels in kidney, lung, and testis from rats with constant plasma calcium levels. (35) Vitamin D-deficient rats were implanted subcutaneously with osmotic minipumps, which infused vehicle (ᮀ) or 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 at 250 ng/kg/day (s) for 6 days prior to sacrifice: mean Ϯ SE for n ϭ 6 rats/group.…”

Section: Homologous Up-regulation Of Vdr: Scatchard Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(27,28) In particular, an initial study suggested that VDR levels in several tissues (testis, heart, and lung) may not be upregulated by 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 . (27) 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 treatment in vivo raises plasma calcium levels and decreases parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Thus, a related issue is whether VDR regulation is a direct or indirect effect of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 , particularly since there are a number of reports of relationships between plasma calcium levels and homologous up-regulation of the VDR in vivo.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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