Evidence from Terminal Recombination Gradients that FtsK Uses Replichore Polarity To Control Chromosome Terminus Positioning at Division in<i>Escherichia coli</i>

Corre, Jacqueline; Louarn, Jean-Michel

doi:10.1128/jb.184.14.3801-3807.2002

Cited by 47 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our prior study implies that recurring DNA sequences regulate the direction of FtsK translocation (5). These results substantiate genetic evidence that the misorientation of polar sequences near dif, such as lambda insertions, can disrupt proper segregation of the terminus region (11,12). The polarity of a sequence can be quantified as a skew, which is defined as the percentage of occurrences of the sequence on the leading strand.…”

supporting

confidence: 57%

“…1 A). One of the major reasons that RAG was proposed as an FRS is its very high skew of 97 (P ϭ 2.9 ϫ 10 Ϫ17 ) at 100 kb and 88 (P ϭ 1.9 ϫ 10 Ϫ97 ) at 1 Mb from dif (12). However, as we show below, such a high skew is not necessary to impart directionality.…”

Section: Identification Of Ftsk Turnaroundmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Genetic and single-molecule experiments indicate that there should also be skewed FRSs present on lambda DNA and possibly lambdoid phages shown to have a conserved polarity with respect to dif (5,12,19). Only one of the motifs in Table 1 showed a skew in the direction we observed in vitro on lambda DNA, our top candidate GNGNAGGG (skew ϭ 64).…”

Section: Identification Of Ftsk Turnaroundmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The polarity of a sequence can be quantified as a skew, which is defined as the percentage of occurrences of the sequence on the leading strand. These observations led to a model for FtsK directionality in which highly strand-biased sequences that switch skew at dif direct FtsK translocation (12). One such skewed motif, RGNAGGGS (RAG), was initially proposed to direct FtsK based on its high skew in the dif region (12); however, no direct evidence linked the RAG sequence to FtsK activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of oligonucleotide sequences that direct the movement of the Escherichia coli FtsK translocase

Levy

Ptacin²,

Pease³

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

110

116

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FtsK from Escherichia coli is a fast and sequence-directed DNA translocase with roles in chromosome dimer resolution, segregation, and decatenation. From the movement of single FtsK particles on defined DNA substrates and an analysis of skewed DNA sequences in bacteria, we identify GNGNAGGG, its complement, or both as a sequence motif that controls translocation directionality. GNGNAGGG is skewed so that it is predominantly on the leading strand of chromosomal replication. Translocation across this octamer from the 3 side of the G-rich strand causes FtsK to pause, turn around, and translocate in the opposite direction. Only 39 ؎ 4% of the encounters between FtsK and the octamer result in a turnaround, congruent with our optimum turnaround probability prediction of 30%. The probability that the observed skew of GNGNAGGG within 1 megabase of dif occurred by chance in E. coli is 1.7 ؋ 10 ؊57 , and similarly dramatic skews are found in the five other bacterial genomes we examined. The fact that FtsK acts only in the terminus region and the octamer skew extends from origin to terminus implies that this skew is also important in other basic cellular processes that are common among bacteria. Finally, we show that the FtsK translocase is a powerful motor that is able to displace a triplex-forming oligo from a DNA substrate.dimer resolution ͉ sequence-directed translocases ͉ skewed sequences ͉ triplex displacement ͉ single-molecule T he DNA sequence of an organism encodes information on multiple levels. Beyond directly encoding proteins, specific DNA sequences recruit and direct the proteins required for processes such as DNA replication, transcription, and repair. DNA sequence-dependent proteins typically locate their binding site by diffusion where they then carry out a specific action (1). In contrast, the Escherichia coli DNA translocase FtsK uses an ATP-powered search mechanism to reach its target (dif ), the site of chromosome dimer resolution (2-5). During replication, crossing over by homologous recombination can lead to the formation of a chromosome dimer that must be resolved into monomers before segregation (2). FtsK is required to activate the site-specific recombinases XerC and XerD that resolve these dimers at the dif site, which is near the terminus of replication (2, 6). FtsK is anchored in the membrane at the division septum and actively translocates the dif sites into spatial proximity, rather than waiting for dif to diffuse into the septal region (7-9). The overall efficiency of reaching dif by translocation is greatly affected by two factors. First, FtsK must be able to bypass or displace bound proteins or other potential roadblocks it may encounter on the DNA. Second, FtsK must maintain its overall direction of translocation toward dif.Perhaps the simplest mechanism for ensuring that FtsK always translocates toward dif would involve FtsK loading at sequences that point FtsK in the proper direction. However, single-molecule observations of the FtsK motor domain (FtsK 50C ) translocating on DNA showed ...

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supporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Identification Of Ftsk Turnaroundmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Identification Of Ftsk Turnaroundmentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Identification of oligonucleotide sequences that direct the movement of the Escherichia coli FtsK translocase

Levy

Ptacin²,

Pease³

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

110

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A recent single molecule study, however, demonstrated that the sequence of the terminus region is the sole determinant necessary for guiding the protein towards the dif site [Pease et al, 2005]. Directional information could be provided by short repeated sequences identified in the terminal part of the chromosome [Corre and Louarn, 2002], the orientation of which is biased and abruptly changes at dif, thereby pointing toward the site of dimer resolution [Salzberg et al, 1998]. …”

Section: The Last Stages Of Dna Replicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bacterial nucleoid: A highly organized and dynamic structure

Thanbichler

Wang

Shapiro

2005

J of Cellular Biochemistry

122

101

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Recent advances in bacterial cell biology have revealed unanticipated structural and functional complexity, reminiscent of eukaryotic cells. Particular progress has been made in understanding the structure, replication, and segregation of the bacterial chromosome. It emerged that multiple mechanisms cooperate to establish a dynamic assembly of supercoiled domains, which are stacked in consecutive order to adopt a defined higher-level organization. The position of genetic loci on the chromosome is thereby linearly correlated with their position in the cell. SMC complexes and histone-like proteins continuously remodel the nucleoid to reconcile chromatin compaction with DNA replication and gene regulation. Moreover, active transport processes ensure the efficient segregation of sister chromosomes and the faithful restoration of nucleoid organization while DNA replication and condensation are in progress.

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The FtsK Family of DNA Pumps

Demarre

Galli

Barre

2012

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Interest for proteins of the FtsK family initially arose from their implication in many primordial processes in which DNA needs to be transported from one cell compartment to another in eubacteria. In the first section of this chapter, we address a list of the cellular functions of the different members of the FtsK family that have been so far studied. Soon after their discovery, interest for the FstK proteins spread because of their unique biochemical properties: most DNA transport systems rely on the assembly of complex multicomponent machines. In contrast, six FtsK proteins are sufficient to assemble into a fast and powerful DNA pump; the pump transports closed circular double stranded DNA molecules without any covalent-bond breakage nor topological alteration; transport is oriented despite the intrinsic symmetrical nature of the double stranded DNA helix and can occur across cell membranes. The different activities required for the oriented transport of DNA across cell compartments are achieved by three separate modules within the FtsK proteins: a DNA translocation module, an orientation module and an anchoring module. In the second part of this chapter, we review the structural and biochemical properties of these different modules.

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Evidence from Terminal Recombination Gradients that FtsK Uses Replichore Polarity To Control Chromosome Terminus Positioning at Division inEscherichia coli

Cited by 47 publications

References 34 publications

Identification of oligonucleotide sequences that direct the movement of the Escherichia coli FtsK translocase

Identification of oligonucleotide sequences that direct the movement of the Escherichia coli FtsK translocase

The bacterial nucleoid: A highly organized and dynamic structure

The FtsK Family of DNA Pumps

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