Evidence of active endocarditis, caused by Gemella morbillorum, related to acute embolic stroke

Murai, Motonobu; Fukumoto, Hitoshi; Negoro, Nobuyuki; Sano, Kazuhiro; Nishimoto, Masashi; Muraoka, Hideyuki; Hara, Hiroshi; Morita, Hiroshi; Hanafusa, Toshiaki

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2006.01.071

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The majority of cases reported are of endocarditis. Additionally, cases of central nervous system infections, embolic stroke from underlying endocarditis, lung abscess, peritonitis in dialysis dependent patients, septic arthritis, and sepsis have also been reported [2–9]. Confirmation of infection is by bacterial isolation and performing phenotypic observation for morphology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GemellaSpecies Bacteremia and Stroke in an Elderly Patient with Respiratory Tract Infection

Jayananda

Gollol-Raju

Fadul

2017

Case Reports in Medicine

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Gemella species are part of normal human flora. They are rarely associated with infections. As opportunistic pathogens, they can cause life-threatening infection in individuals with risk factors. We present an unusual case of an elderly patient, with no predisposing risk factors, who presented with respiratory tract infection and Gemella species bacteremia and suffered a stroke in the absence of features of endocarditis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GemellaSpecies Bacteremia and Stroke in an Elderly Patient with Respiratory Tract Infection

Jayananda

Gollol-Raju

Fadul

2017

Case Reports in Medicine

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“…Although it is generally susceptible to penicillin and other antibiotics, resistance to penicillin, has been reported [11], as the case of our patient. Due to their opportunistic nature, these species are capable of causing certain infections, the most common of which are septicaemia [12], infections of the nervous system [4], arthritis [3], liver abscesses [13], and endocarditis [2]. Many cases of respiratory tract infections have been described such as necrotizing pneumonia [6] [7] [9] lung abscesses [5] and even colonization of the tuberculous cavity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These microorganisms are gram positive cocci and facultative anaerobes which-like other human commensal bacteria-are opportunistic pathogens and may cause serious local and systemic infection, mainly in immunodepressed patients [1]. It can cause endocarditis [2], septic artritis [3], and meningitis [4]. It is an infrequently isolated organism and a rare cause of pulmonary and pleural infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purulent Hydroaeric Pleural Effusion Due to Infection with <i>Gemella morbillorum</i>: A Case Report

Serhane¹,

Sajiai²,

Arrad³

et al. 2014

CRCM

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Gemella morbillorum (G. morbillorum) is an opportunistic bacterium, which can sometimes cause severe infections especially in immunocompromised subjects. Respiratory infections due to this germ are rare, but are described. We reported a new observation of 34-year-old female patient, admitted for unusual location and clinical presentation of respiratory infection with G. morbillorum; she was presented a left pleuritic pain, a productive cough associated with purulent and foul sputum and dyspnea with onset one month earlier. The clinical examination was objectified a polypnea at 32 cycles/minutes, intercostal indrawing and mixed pleural effusion syndrome. She had also many dental caries and bad oral health status. Chest radiography showed an air-fluid image in the left chest and the thoracocentesis had revealed purulent fluid. The culture of this fluid had isolated a G. morbillorum. The diagnosis of mixed pleural effusion due to G. morbillorum in an immunosuppressed diabetic patient was made. The patient was put on antibiotics, thoracic drainage and Chest physiotherapy with good improvement.

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“…Three articles investigated the association of endocarditis and cancer, particular colonic carcinoma [40,56] and multiple myeloma, [54] while four studies reported the association aneurysms and strokes. [21,27,44,63] The effects on the kidneys were discussed in four studies, [71,74,91,92] and four articles also reported concurrent implications of the heart, such as cardiogenic shock, STEMI, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. [47,50,70,86] Finally, three articles investigated the contribution of other infections within the body, such as septic arthritis, respiratory tract infection, and presence of anti-streptolysin-O antibodies.…”

Section: Gemella Spp and Endocarditismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[24,55,66] A history of some form of infection was found in 21 studies. [16,21,31,36,37,39,41,47,49,52,53,60,63,64,67,71,73,76,78,91]. The majority of these patients were found to have had an infection of the mouth (57.14%).…”

Section: Past Medical History/past Surgical Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors and Patient Profile of Infective Endocarditis due to <i>Gemella spp.</i>

Kariyanna

Sutarjono²,

Ellanti

et al. 2020

AJMCR

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Background. The diagnosis of infective endocarditis is difficult, especially when it involves atypical organisms. Therefore, our study identified risk factors of infective endocarditis caused by rare pathogen, Gemella spp . Methods. A systematic review was conducted to investigate characteristics of endocarditis patients infected with Gemella spp. using the search term “ Gemella ” and “endocarditis.” Case reports were gathered by searching Medline/Pubmed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases. 83 articles were selected for review. Results. Five species of Gemella were identified. Typical patients were males between 31 and 45 years of age. On admission, patients had fever, tachycardia, and normal blood pressure. Common clinical manifestation other than fever included fatigue and weakness, chills and sweating, and nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and weight changes. One in four reported a history of congenital heart disease, and a recent oral cavity infection. Laboratory tests reveal anemia, leukocytosis, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation in all age groups, elevated C-reactive protein is observed among adult and geriatric populations only. Mitral and aortic valves were most commonly infected by Gemella spp. . The most common Gemella spp. -susceptible antibiotics were penicillin, vancomycin, cephalosporin, macrolide, and aminoglycosides. However, antibiotic resistance was observed against penicillin, aminoglycoside, and fluoroquinolone. Antibiotic course of at least six weeks resulted in superior clinical improvements than durations under six weeks. Finally, one in two patients underwent valve replacement or repair, with common complications affecting the cardiovascular, neurological, and renal systems. Finally, death occurred in 1 in 8 patients, half of which occurred post-surgical procedure, and the majority occurring equal to or greater than 1 week from admission. Conclusion. Our systematic review highlights the importance of considering rare pathogens, particularly in the presence of predisposing risk factors.

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Evidence of active endocarditis, caused by Gemella morbillorum, related to acute embolic stroke

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

GemellaSpecies Bacteremia and Stroke in an Elderly Patient with Respiratory Tract Infection

GemellaSpecies Bacteremia and Stroke in an Elderly Patient with Respiratory Tract Infection

Purulent Hydroaeric Pleural Effusion Due to Infection with <i>Gemella morbillorum</i>: A Case Report

Risk Factors and Patient Profile of Infective Endocarditis due to <i>Gemella spp.</i>

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Evidence of active endocarditis, caused by Gemella morbillorum, related to acute embolic stroke

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

GemellaSpecies Bacteremia and Stroke in an Elderly Patient with Respiratory Tract Infection

GemellaSpecies Bacteremia and Stroke in an Elderly Patient with Respiratory Tract Infection

Purulent Hydroaeric Pleural Effusion Due to Infection with &lt;i&gt;Gemella morbillorum&lt;/i&gt;: A Case Report

Risk Factors and Patient Profile of Infective Endocarditis due to <i>Gemella spp.</i>

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Purulent Hydroaeric Pleural Effusion Due to Infection with <i>Gemella morbillorum</i>: A Case Report