Evidence of the water-cage effect on the photolysis of NO3− and FeOH2+. Implications of this effect and of H2O2 surface accumulation on photochemistry at the air–water interface of atmospheric droplets

The effect of cations on NO2 production from the photolysis of aqueous thin water films of nitrate salts

“…In the interface region, nitrate ions are less solvated than those in the bulk, 86 resulting in increased NO 2 production yields. 33,[46][47][48]94 Computational modeling and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that cations (Na + and Rb + ) have a strong impact on Br À surface enhancement, affecting the ion's partitioning of halide ions at the interface. 32 96 The coated chambers were then filled with synthetic air (Scott-Marrin Inc., NO x o 0.001 ppm, SO 2 o 0.001 ppm, Riverside, CA) that flowed through a water bubbler and mixed with dry air to adjust the final relative humidity (RH).…”

Formation of hydroxyl radicals by irradiated 1-nitronaphthalene (1NN): oxidation of hydroxyl ions and water by the 1NN triplet state

“…An 70 additional possibility could be the oxidation of 2-propanol radical species by oxidised 1NN, which would probably yield back 1NN (thereby lowering its transformation rate) together with acetone. 43 The latter compound was actually detected upon irradiation of 1NN and 2-propanol (data not shown), by 75 adopting a pre-column derivatisation reaction with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine followed by HPLC-UV analysis.…”

Laboratory study of nitrate photolysis in Antarctic snow. I. Observed quantum yield, domain of photolysis, and secondary chemistry

“…The cage effect has been observed for many systems including organics in ice [23][24][25] and nitrate photolysis in aqueous solution. 26 Kurková et al 24 show that the strength of the cage effect for organic compounds is a function of temperature (stronger recombination at lower temperatures) and microphysical state (frozen solutions show a cage effect at much lower temperature than artificial snow).…”

“…15 In the liquid phase, nitrate is exposed to surrounding water molecules and a strong cage effect. 26 Chu and Anastasio 15 argue that nitrate is photolysed in the DI in their experiments. The difference between solid solution, DI, and aqueous solution is not resolved in the present study, but it is suggested that whichever domain is the dominant one has a small apparent quantum yield.…”