Evidence that suramin and aurothiomalate are teratogenic in rat by disturbing yolk sac-mediated embryonic protein nutrition

Freeman, Stuart J.; Lloyd, John

doi:10.1016/s0009-2797(86)80094-1

Cited by 28 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We are aware of only two articles giving information on congenital malformations induced in the fetuses of pregnant mice and rats by the administration of this agent. These are from Mercier-Parot and Tuchmann-Duplessis (1973) and from Freeman and Lloyd (1986). Both articles report on embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of suramin.…”

Section: Spectrum Of Congenital Malformationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anomalies comprised clefts of the face ("harelip") and palate, cataracts of the eye lens, unspecified anomalies of the limbs, and retarded ossification of some bones. Freeman and Lloyd (1986) reported a 36% maximum incidence of abnormalities among surviving rat fetuses. These malformations, however, were not externally visible but were noted only upon internal examination.…”

Section: Spectrum Of Congenital Malformationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was indeed postulated by the first authors to investigate the teratogenicity of suramin. The two agents were regarded as examples of teratogens that might act indirectly on the embryo by interfering with the yolk sac-mediated histiotrophic nutrition (Lloyd and Beck 1969;Mercier-Parot and Tuchmann-Duplessis 1973;Freeman and Lloyd 1986). There are, however, a lot of experimental data showing that the teratogenic effects of the two substances can result from direct action on the embryo (Wilson et al 1959;Kaplan and Johnson 1970;Kao and Danilchik 1991;Grunz 1992;Oschwald et al 1993;Cardellini et al 1994).…”

Section: Teratogenic Mechanisms Of Suraminmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The few papers dealing with this subject primarily focus not on the kind of congenital malformations induced by suramin but merely on its teratogenic mechanism in mammalian embryos. Suramin was studied as an example of teratogens that might act indirectly on the embryo by interfering with yolk sac-mediated histiotrophic nutrition (Lloyd and Beck 1969;Mercier-Parot and Tuchmann-Duplessis 1973;Freeman and Lloyd 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Teratogenic effects of suramin on the chick embryo

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Suramin, a polysulfonated naphthylamine, has been used for the chemotherapy of trypanosomiasis and onchocerciasis since about the 1920s. Currently, it is also being tested as an anticancer agent. It is hoped that suramin might stop the progression of some kinds of cancer since it has been found to inhibit the proliferation and migration of cells and the formation of new blood vessels. These processes are not only essential for the development and progression of cancer, but also for normal embryonic development. Suramin might, therefore, be a potent teratogen. In the literature, however, we have found only scant information on this subject. In the present study, we demonstrate the teratogenic effects of suramin on chick embryos. Suramin was injected into the coelomic cavity of chick embryos on incubation day (ID) 3. Following reincubation until ID 8, suramin-treated embryos ( n=50) were examined for congenital malformations and compared with a control group ( n=30). The survival rate of suramin-treated embryos was markedly reduced compared with controls (50% vs 90%). Among the 25 survivors the following malformations were recorded: caudal dysgenesia (100%), median facial clefts with hypertelorism (92%), malformations of the aortic arch arteries (88%), hypo-/aplasia of the allantoic vesicle (84%), microphthalmia (52%), abnormalities of the great arterial trunks (44%), unilateral or bilateral cleft lips (40%), heart defects with juxtaposition of the right atrial appendage (36%), persistence of the lens vesicle (32%), median clefts of the lower beak (8%), omphalocele (4%), and cloacal exstrophy (4%). These results show that suramin is a potent teratogen. The possible implications of our findings for human beings and the possible teratogenic mechanisms of suramin are discussed. Use of suramin in experimental teratology might help to clarify the morphogenesis of median facial clefts and of some congenital heart defects.

show abstract

Section: Spectrum Of Congenital Malformationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spectrum Of Congenital Malformationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Teratogenic Mechanisms Of Suraminmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Teratogenic effects of suramin on the chick embryo

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Each of these agents inhibits the critical role of the visceral yolk sac in providing nutrition to the developing embryo. Anti-visceral yolk sac serum (Freeman et al, 1982;Beckman et al, 1991;Freeman and Brown, 1994) and suramin (Freeman and Lloyd, 1986) inhibit pinocytosis in the visceral yolk sac. Leupeptin (Freeman and Lloyd, 1983) and aurothiomalate (Freeman and Lloyd, 1986) inhibit lysosomal proteolysis.…”

Section: Yolk Sac Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rat Embryo Cultures for In Vitro Teratology

2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mammalian embryos provide a particular challenge to those who wish to study developmental processes because development takes place inside the mother's body, thus limiting the investigator's ability to directly affect and observe the embryonic stages of development. Fortunately, as this unit illustrates, methods have been developed for in vitro culture of rodent embryos during early postimplantation (gestation days 9 to 11) and early fetal (gestation days 12 to 14) stages, which are the periods during which the major systems of the embryo are established. Embryos at these stages are particularly suitable for screening studies to determine the effects of teratological agents.

show abstract

Silver and Gold

Lansdown

2023

Patty's Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Silver and gold are transitional metals exhibiting very different chemical and toxicological properties. Apart from their precious metal value and use in coinage, each has distinctive uses in industry, commercial applications, and medical devices. The World Health Organization and various national regulatory authorities recognize that like many other metals, silver and gold can pose significant health risks through occupational exposure in mining and industrial processes. Nowadays, with the increasing use of nanoparticulate materials with increased biological activity, other toxicological risks are encountered. Thus, gold dust is an environmental contaminant in the vicinity of mining areas, but in view of its high density, particles settle rapidly, thereby reducing the hazards of inhalation by workers. Gold miners are at greater risk through exposure to silica dust, mercury vapor, radon, and cyanide. The principal risks associated with chronic exposure to silver include argyria and argyrosis leading to profound discolorations of the skin and eyes. Unregulated use of colloidal silver presents an ongoing risk. Both silver and gold exhibit allergenic properties. Selected clinical cases are documented to illustrate specific toxicological complications encountered with both metals. Analytical methods currently available for the determination of silver and gold complexes in blood and other tissues following clinical or occupational exposure provide a means to understanding absorption and metabolism. The present chapter discusses chemical properties of the metals, their mining and extraction, and human exposure. Epidemiological studies provide a broad understanding of the safety of these metals and their compounds in clinical and occupational exposures.

show abstract

Evidence that suramin and aurothiomalate are teratogenic in rat by disturbing yolk sac-mediated embryonic protein nutrition

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Teratogenic effects of suramin on the chick embryo

Teratogenic effects of suramin on the chick embryo

Rat Embryo Cultures for In Vitro Teratology

Silver and Gold

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About