Evolution des caractéristiques physico-chimiques de deux zones de frayères à sédimentation contrastée et premiers résultats de survie embryo-larvaire de truite commune (Salmo trutta)

Massa, Filippo; Grimaldi, C.; Baglinière, Jean-Luc; Prunet, Patrick

doi:10.1051/kmae:1998011

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A hypothesis explaining this pattern could be the lower fitness of immigrants compared to local individuals (Hendry et al 2000). Our results support this hypothesis as F1 inter-population hybrids might suffer from outbreeding depression at the end of embryonic stage under hypoxic conditions that are frequently reported in many rivers (Massa et al 1998;Malcolm et al 2003;Dumas et al 2007). Such partial post-zygotic reproductive isolation between populations may thus contribute to the genetic differentiation of salmon populations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Outbreeding Depression in Atlantic Salmon Revealed by Hypoxic Stress During Embryonic Development

et al. 2014

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The fitness consequences of outbreeding in wild populations are extremely variable. Heterosis and outbreeding depression can both be observed but the effect of environmental stressors on the occurrence of these phenomena is still poorly understood. We tested the influence of oxygen stress during embryonic development on consequences of outbreeding in wild populations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We used a common garden experiment and performed crosses within and between salmon populations to study performances of embryos reared under normal and hypoxic conditions. We detected both heterosis and outbreeding depression depending on traits but irrespective of divergence between parental populations. Nevertheless, outbreeding depression was observed almost exclusively under hypoxic conditions and prevailed over heterosis regarding survival during the whole embryonic development. Notably, the posthatching survival of all between population crosses was approximately 15 % lower than the survival of within-population crosses under hypoxic conditions. Different hypoxia reaction norms for post-hatching survival, length and time to hatch were also noticed among within and between populations crosses further indicating outbreeding depression. These results demonstrate that consequences of outbreeding can dramatically vary depending on environmental conditions with outbreeding depression being possibly stronger under stressful conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Here we investigated the effect of hypoxic conditions frequently observed in spawning grounds (Massa et al 1998;Dumas et al 2007) on outbreeding consequences in wild Atlantic salmon populations. We showed both heterosis and outbreeding depression in early life history traits irrespective of genetic divergence among parental populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outbreeding Depression in Atlantic Salmon Revealed by Hypoxic Stress During Embryonic Development

et al. 2014

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“…According to local environmental agencies water quality is good for Allier, Saison and Scorff Rivers but medium for Oir in relation with high levels of nitrate and suspended solids. No quantitative information is available on levels of DO in the rivers studied except for Oir River where low oxygen levels have been recorded in gravel beds where Atlantic salmon embryos develop (Massa et al ., ). Overall, the genetic differentiation among these four populations combined with their strongly contrasted environmental characteristics suggests they may have evolved some degree of adaptive divergence and/or they may have different adaptive potentials to environmental variations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Population differences in response to hypoxic stress in Atlantic salmon

Côte

Roussel

Cam

et al. 2012

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Understanding whether populations can adapt to new environmental conditions is a major issue in conservation and evolutionary biology. Aquatic organisms are increasingly exposed to environmental changes linked with human activities in river catchments. For instance, the clogging of bottom substratum by fine sediments is observed in many rivers and usually leads to a decrease in dissolved oxygen concentrations in gravel beds. Such hypoxic stress can alter the development and even be lethal for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) embryos that spend their early life into gravel beds. In this study, we used a common garden experiment to compare the responses to hypoxic stress of four genetically differentiated and environmentally contrasted populations. We used factorial crossing designs to measure additive genetic variation of early life-history traits in each population. Embryos were reared under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, and we measured their survival, incubation time and length at the end of embryonic development. Under hypoxic conditions, embryos had a lower survival and hatched later than in normoxic conditions. We found different hypoxia reaction norms among populations, but almost no population effect in both treatments. We also detected significant sire 9 treatment interactions in most populations and a tendency for heritability values to be lower under stressful conditions. Overall, these results reveal a high degree of phenotypic plasticity in salmon populations that nevertheless differ in their adaptive potential to hypoxia given the distinct reaction norms observed between and within populations.

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“…Survival rate (%) from green egg to hatching or emergence in brown trout in two tributaries of the River Oir (afterMassa et al, 1998;Massa, 2000; Ecology and Ecotoxicology Experimental Unit INRA Rennes, unpublished data).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interannual changes in recruitment of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) population in the River Oir (Lower Normandy, France): relationships with spawners and in-stream habitat

Baglinière¹,

Marchand²,

Vauclin

2005

ICES Journal of Marine Science

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Baglinière, J-L., Marchand, F., and Vauclin, V. 2005. Interannual changes in recruitment of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) population in the River Oir (Lower Normandy, France): relationships with spawners and in-stream habitat. e ICES Journal of Marine Science, 62: 695e707.Since 1985, the dynamics of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) population in the River Oir, a spawning tributary of the River Sélune (Lower Normandy, France), have been studied from a data set of parr density and the number and the age structure of migrating fish (smolts and adults). Parr densities (1.5e17.4 per 100 m 2 ) and smolt production (0.25e9.2 per 100 m 2 ) varied considerably from year to year. Migrating juveniles were mainly 1 year old. Abundance of parr and smolts was strongly correlated with 0C densities. Egg-to-smolt survival rates were highly variable year on year (0.044e1.07%). During the juvenile freshwater phase, mortality was highest between the egg and the 0C stage (97.5e99.9%). The fluctuations in abundance of juvenile salmon appear to be linked to the number and distribution of spawners within the stream during spawning, and also to the amount of silt deposition on the spawning beds. As a result, mortality was highest during the under-gravel phase, and the mean survival rate from egg to smolt was much lower than in rivers less impacted by human activities. Therefore, during the study period, the low production of smolts during some years might lead to a low renewal rate of the salmon population.

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Evolution des caractéristiques physico-chimiques de deux zones de frayères à sédimentation contrastée et premiers résultats de survie embryo-larvaire de truite commune (Salmo trutta)

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Outbreeding Depression in Atlantic Salmon Revealed by Hypoxic Stress During Embryonic Development

Outbreeding Depression in Atlantic Salmon Revealed by Hypoxic Stress During Embryonic Development

Population differences in response to hypoxic stress in Atlantic salmon

Interannual changes in recruitment of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) population in the River Oir (Lower Normandy, France): relationships with spawners and in-stream habitat

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