Evolution of a research field—a micro (RNA) example

Casey, Máire‐Caitlín; Kerin, Michael J.; Brown, James A. L.; Sweeney, Karl

doi:10.7717/peerj.829

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The intrinsically high stability of miRNAs in bio-fluids together with, in some cases [11], their tissue-specificity, confers miRNAs a significant potential as non-invasive biomarkers of disease [12–14]. So far, a plethora of studies have shown the association between specific plasma and serum miRNA signatures and human cancer, heart disease and autoimmune diseases (reviewed in [15, 16]), as well as, in a reproductive context, pregnancy progression and preeclampsia [17–19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in circulating microRNA levels can be identified as early as day 8 of pregnancy in cattle

Ioannidis

Donadeu

2017

PLoS ONE

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Poor reproductive performance remains a major issue in the dairy industry, with low conception rates having a significant impact on milk production through extended calving intervals. A major limiting factor is the lack of reliable methods for early pregnancy diagnosis. Identification of animals within a herd that fail to conceive within 3 weeks after insemination would allow early re-insemination and shorten calving intervals. In a previous study, we found an increase in plasma miR-26a levels in Day 16-pregnant relative to non-pregnant heifers, however changes in miRNA levels that early during pregnancy were very small which likely prevented the identification of robust biomarkers. In this study, we extended our analyses to a wider interval during pregnancy (Days 8 to 60, n = 11 heifers) with the rationale that this may facilitate the identification of additional early pregnancy miRNA biomarkers. Using small RNA sequencing we identified a total of 77 miRNAs that were differentially expressed on Day 60 relative to Day 0 of pregnancy. We selected 14 miRNAs for validation by RT-qPCR and confirmed significant differences in the expression of let-7f, let-7c, miR-30c, miR-101, miR-26a, miR-205 and miR-143 between Days 0 and 60. RT-qPCR profiling throughout Days 0, 8, 16 and 60 of pregnancy showed a distinct increase in circulating levels of miR-26a (3.1-fold, P = 0.046) as early as Day 8 of pregnancy. In summary, in contrast to earlier stages of pregnancy (≤ Day 24), marked differences in the levels of multiple miRNAs can be detected in circulation by Day 60 in cattle. Retrospective analyses showed miR-26a levels to be increased in circulation as early as Day 8, sooner than previously reported in any species, suggesting a biological role for this miRNA in the very early events of pregnancy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in circulating microRNA levels can be identified as early as day 8 of pregnancy in cattle

Ioannidis

Donadeu

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…MiRNAs are small (19–22 nucleotides) non‐coding RNAs that regulate gene expression. First described by Lee and colleagues in 1993, research into miRNAs has grown exponentially in recent years as the role of miRNA in cancer biology is defined. In general, miRNA genes are transcribed in the nucleus by RNA polymerase II .…”

Section: Micro‐rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of micro-RNAs in breast cancer surgery

McAnena

Lowery

Kerin

2018

British Journal of Surgery

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“…Since their discovery in 1993, knowledge of the role of miRNAs in regulating gene expression across a spectrum of pathological processes has grown exponentially . It is now recognized that certain miRNAs are highly specific for tissue and developmental stages, exerting a regulatory effect on a myriad of cellular processes including cell development, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis .…”

Section: Micro‐rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 Since their discovery in 1993, knowledge of the role of miR-NAs in regulating gene expression across a spectrum of pathological processes has grown exponentially. 15 It is now recognized that certain miRNAs are highly specific for tissue and developmental stages, exerting a regulatory effect on a myriad of cellular processes including cell development, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. 12,14,16 Many miRNA are expressed in tissueand disease-specific patterns and are known to correlate with clinicopathological features and prognostic indices across a spectrum of pathologies.…”

Section: Micro-rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring circulating micro‐RNA in the neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer

Casey

Sweeney

Brown

et al. 2016

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy amongst females worldwide. In recent years the management of this disease has transformed considerably, including the administration of chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting. Aside from increasing rates of breast conserving surgery and enabling surgery via tumour burden reduction, use of chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting allows monitoring of in vivo tumour response to chemotherapeutics. Currently, there is no effective means of identifying chemotherapeutic responders from non‐responders. Whilst some patients achieve complete pathological response (pCR) to chemotherapy, a good prognostic index, a proportion of patients derive little or no benefit, being exposed to the deleterious effects of systemic treatment without any knowledge of whether they will receive benefit. The identification of predictive and prognostic biomarkers could confer multiple benefits in this setting, specifically the individualization of breast cancer management and more effective administration of chemotherapeutics. In addition, biomarkers could potentially expedite the identification of novel chemotherapeutic agents or increase their efficacy. Micro‐RNAs (miRNAs) are small non‐coding RNA molecules. With their tissue‐specific expression, correlation with clinicopathological prognostic indices and known dysregulation in breast cancer, miRNAs have quickly become an important avenue in the search for novel breast cancer biomarkers. We provide a brief history of breast cancer chemotherapeutics and explore the emerging field of circulating (blood‐borne) miRNAs as breast cancer biomarkers for the neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer. Established molecular markers of breast cancer are outlined, while the potential role of circulating miRNAs as chemotherapeutic response predictors, prognosticators or potential therapeutic targets is discussed.

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Evolution of a research field—a micro (RNA) example

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Changes in circulating microRNA levels can be identified as early as day 8 of pregnancy in cattle

Changes in circulating microRNA levels can be identified as early as day 8 of pregnancy in cattle

Role of micro-RNAs in breast cancer surgery

Exploring circulating micro‐RNA in the neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer

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