Evolution of Austenite Recrystallization and Grain Growth Using Laser Ultrasonics

Sarkar, Supriya; Moreau, A.; Militzer, Matthias; Poole, Warren J.

doi:10.1007/s11661-007-9461-6

Cited by 61 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Attenuation of the waves can be directly correlated with grain size. Laser ultrasonics is a remote, continuous and non-destructive technique that can be operated in situ at high temperatures for bulk observations [34][35][36][37]. In the present investigation the ultrasonic waves were generated using a frequency doubled Nd:YAG laser with a short (5 ns) and energetic (150 mJ) green (532 nm) light pulse.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 shows schematically the experimental set-up. The details of the laser ultrasonic measurement technique and its experimental validation can be found elsewhere [37][38][39]. The quantification of grain sizes is based on a calibration made using metallographically measured average equivalent area diameters (EQAD) for complex phase (CP) and X-80 steels [38].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An emerging alternative technique is laser ultrasonics [32,33]. The laser ultrasonics methodology recently developed specifically for metallurgical applications is a unique technique which allows in situ measurement of austenite grain size evolution with very good time resolution [34][35][36][37]. Further, just one test provides the entire grain growth curve for a given thermal cycle, whereas metallographic investigations would require a multiplicity of labour intensive examinations to obtain this curve.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In situ measurement and modelling of austenite grain growth in a Ti/Nb microalloyed steel

et al. 2012

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In situ measurement and modelling of austenite grain growth in a Ti/Nb microalloyed steel Maalekian, M.; Radis, R.; Militzer, M.; Moreau, A.; Poole, W. J.In situ measurement and modelling of austenite grain growth in a Ti/Nb microalloyed steel Abstract Using a novel laser ultrasonics technique in situ measurements of austenite grain growth were conducted during continuous heating (10°Cs À1 ) and subsequent isothermal holding at various temperatures in the range 950-1250°C in a microalloyed linepipe steel. Based on the experimental results, a grain growth model was developed, which includes the pinning effect of precipitates present in the steel. Analyzing the grain growth behaviour and using the advanced thermo-kinetic software MatCalc, an approach was developed to estimate the initial distribution of precipitates in the as-received material and their dissolution kinetics. The evolution of the volume fractions and mean particle sizes of NbC and TiN leads to a time-dependent pinning pressure that is coupled with the proposed grain growth model to successfully describe the observed kinetics of austenite grain growth. The predictive capabilities of the model are illustrated by its application to independent grain growth data for rapid heat treatment cycles that are typical of the weld heat affected zone.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In situ measurement and modelling of austenite grain growth in a Ti/Nb microalloyed steel

et al. 2012

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“…35) Results have also been published on austenite recrystallization and grain growth in steel alloys, studied in-situ by Dubois et al and Moreau et al, among others. 6,7) In rolled strip steels, the grain size is influenced by various kinds of thermo-mechanical processes applied by the rolling mill (hot and cold rolling and annealing). Characterization of steels, during production as well as development, is usually carried out using costly and time-consuming methods such as microscopy and mechanical tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Grain Size in Deep Drawing Steel Sheet by Laser Ultrasonics

Yin

Yang

et al. 2014

Mater. Trans.

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The laser ultrasonic technique has been used to determine grain sizes in Interstitial Free (IF) steels. With an analysis method that employs scattering theory, absolute values of the average grain size have been calculated directly from the ultrasonic traces. These results indicate that the laser ultrasonic technique may be incorporated on-line for direct measurements of grain size during steel production.

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“…Measurements of microstructure evolution can now be conducted remotely and in realtime on a sample during thermomechanical treatments. Grain growth, phase transformation and recrystallization processes were successfully monitored by the laser ultrasonic technique in a wide range of materials such as steel, aluminium and zirconium alloys [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of laser ultrasonics to monitor microstructure evolution in Inconel 718 superalloy

Garcin

Schmitt

Militzer

2014

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Laser ultrasonics for metallurgy is an innovative sensor dedicated to the measurement of microstructure evolution during thermomechanical processing. In this technique, broadband ultrasound pulses are generated and detected with lasers. The properties of the ultrasounds are then related to the characteristics of the microstructure. Ultrasound attenuation is primary originated by the scattering at grain boundaries and its frequency dependence can be related to the grain size. The present work aims to introduce this technology as an exciting tool for metallurgists. As an illustration of its capability, the evolution of the grain size during isothermal annealing from a fine grained structure is in-situ monitored in an Inconel 718 superalloy. Laser ultrasonic measurements are compared with ex-situ metallography observations. Indication of heterogeneous grain growth is observed, correlated to the dissolution of δ-phase particles present in the initial structure. This preliminary study illustrates the potential of this new technique to monitor microstructure evolution in more complex scenarios including recrystallization during simulation of hot forging processes.

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Evolution of Austenite Recrystallization and Grain Growth Using Laser Ultrasonics

Cited by 61 publications

References 26 publications

In situ measurement and modelling of austenite grain growth in a Ti/Nb microalloyed steel

In situ measurement and modelling of austenite grain growth in a Ti/Nb microalloyed steel

Determination of Grain Size in Deep Drawing Steel Sheet by Laser Ultrasonics

Application of laser ultrasonics to monitor microstructure evolution in Inconel 718 superalloy

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