Evolution of fat oxidation during exercise in obese pubertal boys: Clinical implications

Zunquin, Gautier; Theunynck, Denis; Sesboüé, Bernard; Arhan, Pierre; Bouglé, Dominique

doi:10.1080/02640410802578172

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Indeed, Timmons et al (37) observed in boys that serum levels of testosterone were negatively correlated with fat oxidation during exercise. In obese children and youth, several studies have also shown that the maximal capacity for fat oxidation during exercise is decreased at puberty (38,39). This is concordant with results suggestive of impaired metabolic flexibility.…”

Section: Capacity For Fat Oxidationsupporting

confidence: 64%

Metabolic flexibility and obesity in children and youth

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThe concept of metabolic flexibility describes the ability of skeletal muscle to switch between the oxidation of lipid as a fuel during fasting periods to the oxidation of carbohydrate during insulin stimulated period. Alterations in energy metabolism in adults with obesity, insulin resistance and/or type 2 diabetes induce a state of impaired metabolic flexibility, or metabolic inflexibility. Despite the increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in obese children and youth, less is known about the factors involved in the development of metabolic inflexibility in the paediatric population. Metabolic flexibility is conditioned by nutrient partitioning in response to feeding, substrate mobilization and delivery to skeletal muscle during fasting or exercising condition, and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity. Our aim in this review was to identify among these factors those making obese children at risk of metabolic inflexibility. The development of ectopic rather than peripheral fat storage appears to be a factor strongly linked with a reduced metabolic flexibility. Tissue growth and maturation are determinants of impaired energy metabolism later in life but also as a promising way to reverse metabolic inflexibility given the plasticity of many tissues in youth. Finally, we have attempted to identify perspectives for future investigations of metabolic flexibility in obese children that will improve our understanding of the genesis of metabolic diseases associated with obesity.

show abstract

Section: Capacity For Fat Oxidationsupporting

confidence: 64%

Metabolic flexibility and obesity in children and youth

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Pubertal development is an important factor to consider when providing exercise recommendations for obese youth. Both lean and obese boys lower their maximal fat oxidation rates (max FOR) during exercise once they begin puberty (6,36,41,51). Additionally, the exercise intensity at which max FOR occurs (known as FATmax) is less after puberty in boys (36).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of puberty on fat oxidation rates during exercise in overweight and normal-weight girls

Chu

Riddell

Schneiderman

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Excess weight is often associated with insulin resistance (IR) and may disrupt fat oxidation during exercise. This effect is further modified by puberty. While studies have shown that maximal fat oxidation rates (FOR) during exercise decrease with puberty in normal-weight (NW) and overweight (OW) boys, the effect of puberty in NW and OW girls is unclear. Thirty-three NW and OW girls ages 8-18 yr old completed a peak aerobic capacity test on a cycle ergometer. FOR were calculated during progressive submaximal exercise. Body composition and Tanner stage were determined. For each participant, a best-fit polynomial curve was constructed using fat oxidation vs. exercise intensity to estimate max FOR. In a subset of the girls, IR derived from an oral glucose tolerance test (n = 20), and leptin and adiponectin levels (n = 11) were assessed in relation to FOR. NW pre-early pubertal girls had higher max FOR [6.9 ± 1.4 mg·kg fat free mass (FFM)(-1)·min(-1)] than NW mid-late pubertal girls (2.2 ± 0.9 mg·kg FFM(-1)·min(-1)) (P = 0.002), OW pre-early pubertal girls (3.8 ± 2.1 mg·kg FFM(-1)·min(-1)), and OW mid-late pubertal girls (3.3 ± 0.9 mg·kg FFM(-1)·min(-1)) (P < 0.05). Bivariable analyses showed positive associations between FOR with homeostatic model assessment of IR (P = 0.001), leptin (P < 0.001), and leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (P = 0.001), independent of percent body fat. Max FOR decreased in NW girls during mid-late puberty; however, this decrease associated with puberty was blunted in OW girls due to lower FOR in pre-early puberty. The presence of IR due to obesity potentially masks the effect of puberty on FOR during exercise in girls.

show abstract

“…Similarly, the effect of exercise on fat oxidation has been shown to depend on intensity, duration, and age and body composition of the participants. In this regard, it has been reported that low-tomoderate intensity exercise increases fat oxidation more than does high-intensity aerobic training (12,13); the maximal rate of fat oxidation occurs at a lower percentage of peak oxygen volume (VO 2 peak ) in postpubertal than in pubertal and prepubertal children (14,15); training increased resting fat oxidation in lean adults (16)(17)(18), whereas its influence on resting fat oxidation in overweight and obese adults was inconclusive (6,7,(19)(20)(21). In general, the referenced studies indicate the potential of exercise to increase energy expenditure and fat oxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twelve weeks of moderate aerobic exercise without dietary intervention or weight loss does not affect 24-h energy expenditure in lean and obese adolescents

Heijden

Sauer

Sunehag

2010

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Exercise might have a persistent effect on energy expenditure and fat oxidation, resulting in increased fat loss. However, even without weight loss, exercise results in positive metabolic effects. The effect of an aerobic exercise program on 24-h total energy expenditure (TEE) and its components-basal (BEE), sleep (SEE), and awake sedentary (SEDEE) energy expenditure and substrate oxidation-has not been studied in lean and obese adolescents. Objective: The objective was to test the hypothesis that 24-h energy expenditure and fat oxidation increase in lean and obese adolescents after 12 wk of moderate aerobic exercise without dietary intervention and weight loss. Design: Twenty-eight postpubertal Hispanic adolescents (13 lean [mean 6 SE: age, 15.3 6 0.3 y; body mass index (BMI; in kg/ m 2 ), 20.2 6 0.7; body fat, 18.7 6 1.6%] and 15 obese [age, 15.6 6 0.3 y; BMI, 33.1 6 0.9; body fat, 38.1 6 1.4%]) completed a 12-wk aerobic exercise program (4 · 30 min/wk at !70% of VO 2 peak ) without weight loss. Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were quantified by 24-h room calorimetry at baseline and postexercise.Results: This aerobic exercise program did not affect 24-h TEE, BEE, SEE, or SEDEE in lean or obese participants. In obese adolescents, respiratory quotient (RQ) and substrate oxidation also did not change. In lean adolescents, 24-h RQ and RQ during SEE decreased (both P , 0.01) and fat oxidation increased (P , 0.01).

show abstract

Evolution of fat oxidation during exercise in obese pubertal boys: Clinical implications

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Metabolic flexibility and obesity in children and youth

Metabolic flexibility and obesity in children and youth

The effect of puberty on fat oxidation rates during exercise in overweight and normal-weight girls

Twelve weeks of moderate aerobic exercise without dietary intervention or weight loss does not affect 24-h energy expenditure in lean and obese adolescents

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About