Evolution of Magnetic Anisotropy With Sm Contents in Sm–Co Thin Films

Sharma, Shalini; Radulov, I.; Major, M.; Alff, Lambert

doi:10.1109/tmag.2018.2837006

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…To facilitate the simultaneous nucleation of both phases, the Sm–Co nanocomposite film is fabricated at compositions intermediate of Sm 2 Co 17 and SmCo 5 . Based on the thin-film phase diagrams established in our earlier studies, the evaporation rates of Sm and Co are chosen to be 0.16 and 0.25 Å s –1 , respectively. − The films are deposited onto (001)-Al 2 O 3 substrates at 540 °C. The results of the crystal structure investigation are shown in Figure .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm₂Co₁₇–SmCo₅ Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

Sharma

Zintler

Günzing

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Utilizing the molecular beam epitaxy technique, a nanoscale thin-film magnet of c-axis-oriented Sm2Co17 and SmCo5 phases is stabilized. While typically in the prototype Sm(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)7.5–8 pinning-type magnets, an ordered nanocomposite is formed by complex thermal treatments, here, a one-step approach to induce controlled phase separation in a binary Sm–Co system is shown. A detailed analysis of the extended X-ray absorption fine structure confirmed the coexistence of Sm2Co17 and SmCo5 phases with 65% Sm2Co17 and 35% SmCo5. The SmCo5 phase is stabilized directly on an Al2O3 substrate up to a thickness of 4 nm followed by a matrix of Sm2Co17 intermixed with SmCo5. This structural transition takes place through coherent atomic layers, as revealed by scanning transmission electron microscopy. Highly crystalline growth of well-aligned Sm2Co17 and SmCo5 phases with coherent interfaces result in strong exchange interaction, leading to enhanced magnetization and magnetic coupling. The arrangement of Sm2Co17 and SmCo5 phases at the nanoscale is reflected in the observed magnetocrystalline anisotropy and coercivity. As next-generation permanent magnets require designing of materials at an atomic level, this work enhances our understanding of self-assembling and functioning of nanophased magnets and contributes to establishing new concepts to engineer the microstructure for beyond state-of-the-art magnets.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm₂Co₁₇–SmCo₅ Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

Sharma

Zintler

Günzing

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The squareness ratios M r / M s for H || c and H ⊥ c are 0.86 and 0.20, respectively, which indicate that the magnetization at zero field is better preserved when the magnetic field is parallel to the c axis. Films of the commercial permanent magnet SmCo 5 with large magnetic anisotropy display similar differences in the squareness ratio for hysteresis loops measured along the easy axis (0.96) and hard plane (0.15) . As such, the observed differences for 2 further support the presence of an easy axis of magnetization aligned along the c axis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Films of the commercial permanent magnet SmCo 5 with large magnetic anisotropy display similar differences in the squareness ratio for hysteresis loops measured along the easy axis (0.96) and hard plane (0.15). 59 As such, the observed differences for 2 further support the presence of an easy axis of magnetization aligned along the c axis.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Strong Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy Arising from Metal–Ligand Covalency in a Metal–Organic Candidate for 2D Magnetic Order

et al. 2021

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Layered metal–organic frameworks are promising candidates for new two-dimensional (2D) magnets, as the synthetic programmability of these materials can provide a route to diverse structural and electronic properties. However, such framework materials typically lack the heavy elements that engender magnetocrystalline anisotropy in the monolayer ferromagnets reported to date. Alternative sources of magnetic anisotropy are therefore needed in these materials. Here, we report the synthesis of single crystals of the framework material (NMe4)2[Fe2L3] (H2L = 3,6-dichloro-2,5-dihydroxybenzoquinone) and evaluate the angular dependence of its magnetic properties. Oriented-crystal magnetization measurements reveal strong uniaxial anisotropy, where the easy axis is aligned with the crystallographic c axis. While the spin carriers of this structure are isotropic S = 5/2 FeIII metal centers and S = 1/2 organic linkers, the anisotropy energy of the framework material is comparable to that of reported 2D ferromagnets. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the observed magnetocrystalline anisotropy arises from ligand-to-metal charge transfer that enhances the magnetic anisotropy of the otherwise-isotropic Fe centers, suggesting that metal–ligand covalency can be utilized as a general additive for the development of 2D magnets. These results show the possibility for (NMe4)2[Fe2L3] to retain magnetic order down to the 2D monolayer limit. In addition, the combination of large magnetic anisotropy and semiconducting character in (NMe4)2[Fe2L3] highlights its potential as a new 2D magnetic semiconductor.

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“…The utilization of hard magnetic materials in MEMS applications requires the consideration of cost-effective advantages over commonly used hard magnetic materials such as sintered NdFeB. Various thin-film technologies, such as sputtering and molecular-beam epitaxy, could be used to deposit thin magnetic films such as Co-based and rare-earth alloys (such as SmCo) [19] according to various magnetic anisotropy configurations. However, due to the limitations of these vacuum processes, only relatively thin layers can be produced, leading to weak magnetic field strength at working distances; thus, they are typically not favored for their respective applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triggering Magnets for Wiegand Sensors: Electrodeposited and Origami-Magnetized CoNiP Micro-Magnets

Kotnana

Cheng

Lin

2023

Sensors

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Miniature sensors are key components for applications in the Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensor networks, autonomous vehicles, smart cities, and smart manufacturing. As a miniature and self-powered magnetic sensor, the Wiegand sensor possesses advantageous traits including changing-rate-independent output, low cost, and remarkable repeatability and reliability. A typical Wiegand sensor requires hard magnetic pole pieces that provide external fields for triggering voltage outputs that are called Wiegand pulses. However, the wire-shaped sensing element of Wiegand sensors is the critical issue that limits the design, selection, and adoption of the external triggering magnets. Currently, the widely used pole piece materials are rare-earth magnets. However, adopting rare-earth magnets brings strong stray fields, causing an electromagnetic interference (EMI) problem. In this study, patterned CoNiP hard magnets were electrodeposited on flexible substrates through microfabrication. Origami magnetization was utilized to control the resultant stray fields and thus the pole piece of CoNiP magnets can successfully trigger the output of the Wiegand pulse. In comparison, the output voltage of the triggered pulse acquired through the patterned CoNiP magnets is comparable to that acquired by using the rare-earth magnets. Furthermore, both the volume (and hence the weight) of the Wiegand sensor and the EMI issue can be significantly reduced and mitigated, respectively, by the CoNiP magnets.

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Evolution of Magnetic Anisotropy With Sm Contents in Sm–Co Thin Films

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm₂Co₁₇–SmCo₅ Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm₂Co₁₇–SmCo₅ Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

Strong Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy Arising from Metal–Ligand Covalency in a Metal–Organic Candidate for 2D Magnetic Order

Triggering Magnets for Wiegand Sensors: Electrodeposited and Origami-Magnetized CoNiP Micro-Magnets

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Evolution of Magnetic Anisotropy With Sm Contents in Sm–Co Thin Films

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm2Co17–SmCo5 Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm2Co17–SmCo5 Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

Strong Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy Arising from Metal–Ligand Covalency in a Metal–Organic Candidate for 2D Magnetic Order

Triggering Magnets for Wiegand Sensors: Electrodeposited and Origami-Magnetized CoNiP Micro-Magnets

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Product

Resources

About

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm₂Co₁₇–SmCo₅ Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm₂Co₁₇–SmCo₅ Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets