Evolution of microwave irradiation and its application in green chemistry and biosciences

Abstract

Microwave-assisted organic reactions have been applied as an effective technique in organic synthesis. Microwave irradiation often leads to shorter reaction times, increased yields, easier workup, matches with green chemistry protocols, and can enhance the region and stereo selectivity of reactions. In fact, the high usefulness of microwave-assisted synthesis encouraged us to increase the efficiency of several organic transformations and synthesis. High-speed microwave-assisted chemistry has attracted a considerable amount of attention in recent years and has been applied successfully in various fields of synthetic organic chemistry, proteins, peptides, drug discovery, and green chemistry. The various roles of microwaveassisted organic chemistry in green and sustainable chemistry are discussed, beginning with the strategies, technologies, and methods that were employed routinely at the time of the first reports of microwave applications. Microwave processing has several advantages over conventional sintering/heating, such as the reduction in cycle time, energy efficiency, eco-friendliness, and providing finer microstructures, leading to improved mechanical properties. Herein, we also describe the evolution of the microwave and some early applications of microwave assistance in the biomolecular sciences and treatment of solid malignant tumors.

Preparation of activated carbon from babassu endocarpunder microwave radiation by physical activation

“…This is related to the high efficiency of microwaves in rapidly heating media [17]. The microwave heating has huge potential as effective method in order to produce activated carbon with high quality, high carbon yield and porosity [18].…”

Facile Ecofriendly One Pot Synthesis of Heterocyclic Priviledged Medicinal Scaffolds via Biginelli Reaction Using Retrievable Nickel Nanoparticles as Catalyst

“…Microwave-accelerated chemical syntheses in solvents as well as under solvent-free conditions have witnessed an explosive growth. The rapid onepot preparation of heterocyclic compounds from in situ generated reactive intermediates and the general application to multi-component reactions, that are adaptable for building a library of compounds has been accomplished using this MW technique 70 . The salient features of microwave irradiation often leads to shorter reaction times, increased yields, easier workup, matches with green chemistry protocols and can enhance the region and stereo selectivity of reactions.…”

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and in Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Novel Steroidal 1,2,4-Triazole Schiff Base Derivatives

“…2 Schiff bases derived from triazoles have also been shown to have anti-bacterial activity. 5 This method of synthesis is not only green, economic and easy to handle, but it also gives a significant improvement in product yield, selectivity and reaction time. 5 This method of synthesis is not only green, economic and easy to handle, but it also gives a significant improvement in product yield, selectivity and reaction time.…”