Evolution of Near-Surface Internal and External Oxide Morphology During High-Temperature Selective Oxidation of Steels

In situ SEM analysis of surface oxidation mechanisms in carbon steel during vacuum heat treatment

“…In particular, in situ neutron diffraction measurements have provided compositional data that indicate that under low oxygen / air pressures above temperatures of 570 °C, the dominant layer is wüstite [4]. To compliment the compositional in situ data available, attempts have been made to understand the morphology of steel formed in situ [10] [11]. One such study focussed on the formation of oxidation of carbon steel within the first 30 seconds of hot-rolling using a CCD camera.…”