“…These processes exert a pivotal effect in governing the mechanical properties of Al alloys. 23,24 Consequently, comprehending the interface characteristics and the mechanism for interface strengthening through first-principles methods is crucial for strengthening Al alloys. 25,26 In addition, numerous studies indicate that applying specific solute atoms is conductive to improving the quality and stability of Al alloys, tied to segregation behavior of solute atoms at the metal/matrix interface and grain boundary.…”