Evolution of yield and quality of sainfoin (<i>Onobrychis viciifolia</i> Scop.) 
in the spring growth cycle

Borreani, G.; Peiretti, Pier Giorgio; Tabacco, Ernesto

doi:10.1051/agro:2002082

Cited by 45 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The N content decreased faster with the growth stage in sainfoin than in lucerne, probably due to a more rapid change in the leaf-to-stem ratio from the beginning of flowering (Borreani et al, 2003;Bal et al, 2006) in sainfoin than in lucerne (Theodoridou et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing sainfoin and lucerne to improve the feed value of legumes fed to sheep by the effect of condensed tannins

Aufrere

Dudilieu

Andueza

et al. 2013

Animal

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The aim of this study was to investigate whether the use of sainfoin-based condensed tannins (CT) enhances feed value when given with tannin-free legumes (lucerne) to sheep. The experiments were conducted with fresh sainfoin and lucerne harvested at two stages (vegetative stage as compared with early flowering) in the first growth cycle. Fresh sainfoin and lucerne forages were combined in ratios of 100 : 0, 75 : 25, 25 : 75 and 0 : 100 (denoted S100, S75, S25 and S0, respectively). Voluntary intake, organic matter digestibility (OMD) and nitrogen (N) retention were measured in sheep fed the different sainfoin and lucerne mixtures. Loss of dry matter (DM) and N from polyester bags suspended in the rumen, abomasum and small intestine (SI) was also measured using rumen-fistulated sheep and intestinally fistulated sheep. The CT content in sainfoin (S100) decreased with increasing percentage of lucerne in the mixture (mean value from 58 g/kg DM for S100 to 18 g/kg DM for S25) and with growth stage (S100: 64 to 52 g/kg DM). OMD did not differ between different sainfoin/lucerne mixture ratios. Sainfoin and lucerne had an associative effect (significant quadratic contrast) on voluntary intake, N intake, total-tract N digestibility, N in faeces and urine (g/g N intake) and N retained (g/g N intake). Compared with lucerne mixtures (S0 and S25), high-sainfoin-content mixtures (S100 and S75) increased the in situ estimates of forage N escaping from the rumen (from 0.162, 0.188 for S0 and S25 to 0.257, 0.287 for S75 and S100) but decreased forage N intestinal digestibility (from 0.496, 0.446 for S0 and S25 to 0.469, 0.335 for S75 and S100). The amount of forage N disappearing from the bags in the SI (per g forage N) was the highest for high-sainfoin mixtures (from 0.082, 0.108 for S100 and S75 to 0.056, 0.058 for S25 and S0, P , 0.001). Rumen juice total N (tN) and ammonia N (NH3-N) values were the lowest in the high-sainfoin diet (mean tN 0.166 mg/g in S100 as compared with 0.514 mg/g in S0; mean NH3-N 0.104 mg/g in S100 as compared with 0.333 mg/g in S0, P , 0.001).Keywords: ruminants, in vivo, condensed tannins, sainfoin-lucerne mixtures. ImplicationsLucerne is favoured for its high yield and nutritional quality, but is seldom grazed in pure stands as it causes bloating. Condensed tannins (CT)-containing legumes do not cause bloating and form CT-protein complexes that are stable and insoluble at rumen pH. Several papers have focused on the effect of CT on the nutritive value of CT-containing forages. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the use of sainfoin CT enhances feed value when given with tannin-free legumes (lucerne). We tested the effects of different sainfoin/lucerne proportions on voluntary intake, in vivo digestibility and in situ ruminal and intestinal digestibility in sheep.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing sainfoin and lucerne to improve the feed value of legumes fed to sheep by the effect of condensed tannins

Aufrere

Dudilieu

Andueza

et al. 2013

Animal

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“…3 Two treatments were performed on the herbage at cutting: conditioning (C) and unconditioning (U). The herbage was cut both with a rubber roll conditioning machine and with a mower without a conditioner and wilted in the field to three wilting levels (I-III) for each treatment.…”

Section: Materials and Methods Crop And Ensilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of wilting and mechanical conditioning on proteolysis in sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop) wilted herbage and silage

et al. 2004

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Ensiling legumes allows conservation of high-quality forage. However, severe protein degradation occurs during ensiling of legumes. A field study was carried out in 1999 on sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop) to investigate the effects of wilting and mechanical conditioning on proteolysis in wilted herbage and silage. The herbage was cut with both a rubber roll conditioning machine (C) and with a mower without conditioner (U). It was wilted in the field to three dry matter (DM) levels (220, 330 and 440 g kg −1 ) and ensiled in laboratory glass silos. The herbages and the silages were analysed for ensilability characteristics, fermentation quality and nitrogen fractions. During wilting the non-protein nitrogen (NPN) values increased (p < 0.05) in both U and C treatment. The free amino acid (free AA) values increased (p < 0.05) from 2.4 to 12.9 and from 2.4 to 7.2 mol kg −1 total nitrogen, in the U and C treatments, respectively. Low wilted silages (DM content <320 g kg −1 ) underwent butyric acid fermentation and extensive proteolysis in both treatments, with lower (p < 0.05) NPN and free AA values in the C treatment. Mechanical conditioning may limit protein breakdown and catabolism of some essential amino acids by reducing the field wilting time in both sainfoin wilted herbage and silage.

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“…This rapid change at the beginning of flowering also explained the more rapid decrease of N content in sainfoin than in lucerne. Losses of leaves in the hay during the hay-making process and sun exposure may explain the low CT content in hay (Borreani et al, 2003). CT content in fresh sainfoin was within the optimal range where tannins improve N digestion efficiency in ruminants (30 to 40 g/kg DM, Barry and McNabb, 1999).…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 97%

In vivo and in situ measurements of the digestive characteristics of sainfoin in comparison with lucerne fed to sheep as fresh forages at two growth stages and as hay

Aufrere

Dudilieu

Poncet

2008

Animal

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In vivoandin situdigestive characteristics of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifoliaL., a tannin-rich forage) and lucerne (Medicago sativa L., a tannin-free forage) were compared to evaluate the effects of condensed tannins (CT) and growth stage (vegetativev. early flowering) in experiment 1. In experiment 2, the hays of the two forages, harvested at early flowering, were compared. Ingestibility, organic matter digestibility (OMD) and nitrogen (N) retention were measured in sheep fed sainfoin and lucerne fresh forages and hays. The loss of dry matter (DM) and N from polyester bags suspended in the rumen, abomasum and small intestine was also measured using rumen fistulated sheep and other intestine fistulated sheep. Nitrogen content was lower in sainfoin than in lucerne. Content of CT in sainfoin decreased with growth stage (3.5 to 2.5 g CT/kg DM) and was lower for sainfoin hay (0.6 g CT/kg DM). Ingestibility and OMD did not differ between fresh-fed forage species. Total N tract digestibilityin vivowas much lower for sainfoin than for lucerne fresh forages (mean value 0.540v. 0.721,P< 0.001) and for sainfoin hay than lucerne hay (0.464v. 0.683,P< 0.001). In both species, N digestibility was not altered by growth stage. The rumen degradation of N was lower in sainfoin than in lucerne, resulting in a lower proportion of N intake excreted in urine. The intestinal digestibility of sainfoin was also lower than that of lucerne, resulting in a higher N excretion in faeces. Hence the efficiency of N utilisation by sheep (ENr) was similar (mean value 0.205 and 0.199 g N retained/g N intake for fresh sainfoin and lucerne, respectively). The coefficient of N retention by the animal was higher for sainfoin at the vegetative stage than for all the other forages. Nitrogen degradability in the rumen determined by the nylon bag technique (DegN) was lower for sainfoin than for lucerne when forages were studied both fresh (mean value 0.608 and 0.818, respectively) and as hays (0.631 and 0.767). The efficiency of forage N digestion (ENd) was higher for sainfoin at the vegetative stage. Compared with lucerne, sainfoin greatly increased thein situestimate of forage N escaping the rumen but decreased its intestinal digestibility.

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Evolution of yield and quality of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) in the spring growth cycle

Cited by 45 publications

References 23 publications

Mixing sainfoin and lucerne to improve the feed value of legumes fed to sheep by the effect of condensed tannins

Mixing sainfoin and lucerne to improve the feed value of legumes fed to sheep by the effect of condensed tannins

Effects of wilting and mechanical conditioning on proteolysis in sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop) wilted herbage and silage

In vivo and in situ measurements of the digestive characteristics of sainfoin in comparison with lucerne fed to sheep as fresh forages at two growth stages and as hay

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