“…Two classes of approaches, the so-called material or micro-approaches and the geometrical or macro-approaches, are available (Li, 2018;Luo et al, 2019). The mainly used methods using discrete elements can be regarded, such as (The Constructor, 2019) ground structure approach (GSA) (Zhang et al, 2017;Shieh, 2994), solid isotropic material with penalisation (SIMP) method (Bensøe, 1989;Bendsoe and Sigmund, 2003;Sigmund and Maute, 2013, Grekavicius et al, 2016a& 2016b, Abdelwahab and Tsavdaridis, 2019, homogenisation-method (HM) (Bendsøe and Kikuchi, 1988;Groen and Sigmund, 2018), evolutionary structural optimisation (ESO) (Xie and Steven, 1993;Jiang and Jia, 2006), and level-set method (LSM) (Jiang and Jia, 2006). On the other hand, the mainly used meshless methods are element-free Galerkin (EFG) (Luo et al, 2013), moving particle (Liu et al, 1995), and peridynamics (Kefal et al, 2019).…”