“…The Chaco and Cerrado are characterized by strong seasonality, although the Chaco has more severe summers and winter frosts (Prado, ; Pennington et al ., ; Werneck, ). Endemism in these South American open biomes is high, mostly in vascular plants (Oliveira & Marquis, ; Simon et al ., ; Prado et al ., ; Werneck et al ., ), amphibians, reptiles (Silva & Bates, ; Nogueira et al ., ; Gamble et al ., ; Guarnizo et al ., ) and insects (Lanteri & del Río, ; Amorim et al ., ; Ramos & Melo, ; del Río et al ., ; Lanteri & del Río, ) including grasshopper species (Ronderos, ; Ronderos & Sánchez, ; Cigliano, ). Even though it is currently considered that the biodiversity of these biomes is rich, they have received little research attention compared to other biomes of South America and thus are still poorly characterized in terms of biological and genetic diversity (Sarmiento, ; Pennington et al ., ; Werneck, ; Werneck et al ., ).…”