Ex vivo systems to study host–microbiota interactions in the gastrointestinal tract

Roeselers, Guus; Ponomarenko, Michael; Lukovac, Sabina; Wortelboer, Heleen M.

doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2013.03.018

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Elucidating the mechanisms behind host-microbe interaction involved in health and disease is a prerequisite for understanding processes and the subsequent development of therapies, drugs, and probiotics. To accomplish these goals, researchers require tractable model ecosystems such as ex vivo gastrointestinal model systems to recapitulate and investigate host-microbe interaction in real time (110).…”

Section: Microbial Ecosystem and Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemoprevention in Gastrointestinal Physiology and Disease. Natural products and microbiome

Greiner

Papineni

Umar

2014

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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The human intestinal tract harbors a complex ecosystem of commensal bacteria that play a fundamental role in the well-being of their host. There is a general consensus that diet rich in plant-based foods has many advantages in relation to the health and well-being of an individual. In adults, diets that have a high proportion of fruit and vegetables and a low consumption of meat are associated with a highly diverse microbiota and are defined by a greater abundance of Prevotella compared with Bacteroides, whereas the reverse is associated with a diet that contains a low proportion of plant-based foods. In a philosophical term, our consumption of processed foods, widespread use of antibiotics and disinfectants, and our modern lifestyle may have forever altered our ancient gut microbiome. We may never be able to identify or restore our microbiomes to their ancestral state, but dietary modulation to manipulate specific gut microbial species or groups of species may offer new therapeutic approaches to conditions that are prevalent in modern society, such as functional gastrointestinal disorders, obesity, and age-related nutritional deficiency. We believe that this will become an increasingly important area of health research.

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Section: Microbial Ecosystem and Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemoprevention in Gastrointestinal Physiology and Disease. Natural products and microbiome

Greiner

Papineni

Umar

2014

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…To study and understand the dynamic interactions between the intestinal epithelium and the microbiota, a need for robust, physiologically representative, and reproducible model systems has emerged (20). Organoids, cultured from crypts or single Lgr5 + stem cells, hold great potential as a sophisticated intestinal model (21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Modulation by Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii of Host Peripheral Lipid Metabolism and Histone Acetylation in Mouse Gut Organoids

Lukovac¹,

Belzer

Pellis³

et al. 2014

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The gut microbiota is essential for numerous aspects of human health. However, the underlying mechanisms of many host-microbiota interactions remain unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize effects of the microbiota on host epithelium using a novel ex vivo model based on mouse ileal organoids. We have explored the transcriptional response of organoids upon exposure to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and products generated by two abundant microbiota constituents, Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. We observed that A. muciniphila metabolites affect various transcription factors and genes involved in cellular lipid metabolism and growth, supporting previous in vivo findings. Contrastingly, F. prausnitzii products exerted only weak effects on host transcription. Additionally, A. muciniphila and its metabolite propionate modulated expression of Fiaf, Gpr43, histone deacetylases (HDACs), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparγ), important regulators of transcription factor regulation, cell cycle control, lipolysis, and satiety. This work illustrates that specific bacteria and their metabolites differentially modulate epithelial transcription in mouse organoids. We demonstrate that intestinal organoids provide a novel and powerful ex vivo model for host-microbiome interaction studies.

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“…Another advantage of this intestinal segment model is that it can be used to study region specifi c effects (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, etc. ), since the anatomical region of the small intestine is an important parameter to study An important aspect which might be different from other systems such as organoids and Caco-2 cells is the presence of microorganisms in the intestinal segment model (Roeselers et al 2013 ). Although the presence of microorganisms in the intestinal segment system was never tested, it is likely that the natural fl ora of the host is still present since the intestine is directly isolated from the animal.…”

Section: General Advantages and Disadvantages Of The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Ex Vivo Intestinal Segment Model

Ripken

Hendriks

2015

The Impact of Food Bioactives on Health

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This chapter describes the use of the porcine ex vivo intestinal segment model. This includes the advantages and disadvantages of the segment model and a detailed description of the isolation and culture as well as the applications of the porcine ex vivo intestinal segment model in practice. Compared to the Ussing chamber (Chap. 24 ) the porcine ex vivo small intestinal segment model is a relatively simple to use intestinal tissue model. The main difference being that the tissue segment is not mounted in a chamber, but is freely fl oating in a solution. Therefore the ex vivo intestinal segment model does not distinguish between the apical and basolateral side of the tissue. The intestinal segments can be obtained from various anatomical regions of the small intestine (e.g. duodenum, jejunum, ileum or even the colon) and the segments consist of various cell types (e.g. epithelial cells, paneth cells, goblet cells, enterochromaffi n cells and enteroendocrine cells). The intestinal segment model has been shown to be a suitable tool to study compound and location specifi c effects on the release of gastrointestinal hormones and gastrointestinal metabolism of endocannabinoids and related compounds.

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Ex vivo systems to study host–microbiota interactions in the gastrointestinal tract

Cited by 37 publications

References 64 publications

Chemoprevention in Gastrointestinal Physiology and Disease. Natural products and microbiome

Chemoprevention in Gastrointestinal Physiology and Disease. Natural products and microbiome

Differential Modulation by Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii of Host Peripheral Lipid Metabolism and Histone Acetylation in Mouse Gut Organoids

Porcine Ex Vivo Intestinal Segment Model

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