Exacerbation of bronchiectasis by <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> complicating COVID‑19 disease: A case report

Georgakopoulou, Vasiliki; Avramopoulos, Pantelis; Papalexis, Petros; Bitsani, Aikaterini; Damaskos, Christos; Garmpi, Anna; Gkoufa, Aikaterini; Garmpis, Nikolaos; Mantzouranis, Konstantinos; Chlapoutakis, Serafeim; Sklapani, Pagona; Τράκας, Νικόλαος; Spandidos, Demetrios A.

doi:10.3892/etm.2021.10887

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The presence or the de-novo appearance or the volumetric increase in bronchiectasis have been previously associated with fungal or mycobacterial colonization in COVID-19 patients [65][66][67][68] and were also confirmed in the present series. Bronchiectasis refers to a slight bronchiolar dilatation of distant small bronchioles.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Co-Infections and Superinfections in COVID-19 Critically Ill Patients Are Associated with CT Imaging Abnormalities and the Worst Outcomes

et al. 2022

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Background: Bacterial and fungal co-infections and superinfections have a critical role in the outcome of the COVID-19 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods: The present study is a retrospective analysis of 95 patients admitted to the ICU for COVID-19-related ARDS during the first (February–May 2020) and second waves of the pandemic (October 2020–January 2021). Demographic and clinical data, CT imaging features, and pulmonary and extra-pulmonary complications were recorded, as well as the temporal evolution of CT findings when more than one scan was available. The presence of co-infections and superinfections was registered, reporting the culprit pathogens and the specimen type for culture. A comparison between patients with and without bacterial and/or co-infections/superinfections was performed. Results: Sixty-three patients (66.3%) developed at least one confirmed co-infection/superinfection, with 52 (82.5%) developing pneumonia and 43 (68.3%) bloodstream infection. Gram-negative bacteria were the most common co-pathogens identified and Aspergillus spp. was the most frequent pulmonary microorganism. Consolidations, cavitations, and bronchiectasis were significantly associated with the presence of co-infections/superinfections (p = 0.009, p = 0.010 and p = 0.009, respectively); when considering only patients with pulmonary co-pathogens, only consolidations remained statistically significative (p = 0.004). Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis was significantly associated with the presence of cavitations and bronchiectasis (p < 0.001). Patients with co-infections/superinfections presented a significantly higher mortality rate compared to patients with COVID-19 only (52.4% vs. 25%, p = 0.016). Conclusions: Bacterial and fungal co-infections and superinfections are frequent in COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU and are associated with worse outcomes. Imaging plays an important role in monitoring critically ill COVID-19 patients and may help detect these complications, suggesting further laboratory investigations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Co-Infections and Superinfections in COVID-19 Critically Ill Patients Are Associated with CT Imaging Abnormalities and the Worst Outcomes

et al. 2022

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“…In another study, Pseudomonas putida , an opportunistic bacteria causing infections in immunosuppressed patients, caused an exacerbation of bronchiectasis in a 70-year-old patient with COVID-19 who was otherwise immunocompetent. COVID-19 has been associated with worse outcomes in patients with bronchiectasis [ 36 ]. Our first patient was the first case of COVID-19 complicated by P. aeruginosa brain abscesses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated brain abscesses caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus fumigatus: two case and a review of the literature

Yassin,

Farid,

Ahmadi

et al. 2023

J Med Case Reports

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Background Bacterial and fungal superinfections are commonly reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Case presentation We report the first case of brain and intramedullary abscesses caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a rare case of brain abscesses caused by Aspergillus fumigatus in two post-coronavirus disease 2019 patients. The first patient—34-year-old Iranian woman—presented with weakness of the left upper limb, headaches, and lower limb paresthesia. She had a history of undiagnosed diabetes and had received corticosteroid therapy. The second patient—45-year-old Iranian man—presented with right-sided weakness and had a history of intensive care unit admission. Both patients passed away despite appropriate medical therapy. Conclusion The immune dysregulation induced by coronavirus disease 2019 and its’ treatments can predispose patients, especially immunosuppressed ones, to bacterial and fungal infections with unusual and opportunistic pathogens in the central nervous system. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus fumigatus should be considered as potential causes of brain infection in any coronavirus disease 2019 patient presenting with neurological symptoms and evidence of brain abscess in imaging, regardless of sinonasal involvement. These patients should get started on appropriate antimicrobial therapy as soon as possible, as any delay in diagnosis or treatment can be associated with adverse outcomes.

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“…SARS-Co-V RNA and antigenic materials have been detected in parathyroid gland acidophilic cells in tissue samples obtained from patients with SARS who did not survive (20). In addition, the increased expression of ACE2 receptors has been detected in acidophilic cells of parathyroid glands (9). Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 may potentially directly affect the parathyroid glands by binding to the ACE2 receptors on acidophilic cells (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is responsible for corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has rapidly spread across the globe, posing a severe threat to human health due to a pandemic (9). The distribution of the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein in human tissues, identified by previous studies, has allowed researchers to recognize probable infection pathways and speculate on the pathogenetic consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID‑19 induced hypoparathyroidism: A case report

et al. 2022

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Low levels of serum calcium, elevated levels of serum phosphorus and absent or abnormally low levels of serum parathyroid hormone characterize hypoparathyroidism, a rare endocrine deficiency illness. Hypoparathyroidism is caused by injury to the parathyroid gland as a result of surgery or autoimmune disease. In addition, hypoparathyroidism may develop due to genetic causes or infiltrative diseases. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is characterized by multi-organ involvement, including the dysfunction of endocrine glands. Previous studies have demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces endocrine tissue damage via various mechanisms, including direct cell damage from viral entry to the glands by binding to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptors and replication, vasculitis, arterial and venous thrombosis, hypoxic cell damage, immune response and the cytokine storm. The effects of the new coronavirus, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the parathyroid glands have received limited attention. Hypoparathyroidism has been observed in a small number of individuals as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The present study describes the case of a patient with primary hypoparathyroidism induced by COVID-19. Clinicians should also keep in mind that, despite the fact that SARS-CoV-2 has no known tropism for the parathyroid glands, it can result in primary hypoparathyroidism and decompensation of old primary hypoparathyroidism.

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Exacerbation of bronchiectasis by Pseudomonas putida complicating COVID‑19 disease: A case report

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Co-Infections and Superinfections in COVID-19 Critically Ill Patients Are Associated with CT Imaging Abnormalities and the Worst Outcomes

Co-Infections and Superinfections in COVID-19 Critically Ill Patients Are Associated with CT Imaging Abnormalities and the Worst Outcomes

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated brain abscesses caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus fumigatus: two case and a review of the literature

COVID‑19 induced hypoparathyroidism: A case report

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