Exact Distributed Load Centrality Computation: Algorithms, Convergence, and Applications to Distance Vector Routing

Maccari, Leonardo; Ghiro, Lorenzo; Guerrieri, Alessio; Montresor, Alberto; Cigno, Renato Lo

doi:10.1109/tpds.2020.2973960

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The centrality values of nodes from all subnetworks will be further processed to obtain the centrality scores of nodes by using the proposed method (see Figure 2). The selected ten centrality methods based on network seperately are degree centrality (DC) [10], betweenness centrality (BC) [11], close centrality (CC) [13], load centrality (LC) [28], local average connection centrality (LAC) [12], cycles ration (CR) [29], local interaction density centrality (LID) [30], topological centrality (TP) [31], cluster coefficient centrality (ClusterC) [32] and maximum neighbor component centrality (MNC) [33], which are defined respectively as follows:…”

Section: B Network-based Centrality Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To verify the effectiveness of the node ranking method based on multiple layers, we apply ten network-based centrality methods (DC [10], BC [11], LAC [12], CC [13], LC [28], CR [29], LID [30], TP [31], ClusterC [32] and MNC [33]) on multiple layers of the DPIN (M-DPIN) and compare the results with those on a single layer (i.e. the SPIN and the aggregated single layer of the DPIN (A-DPIN)).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Node Ranking Method Based on Multiple Layers for Dynamic Protein Interaction Networks

Pan

Sun

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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Constructing dynamic protein interaction networks (DPIN) is a common way to improve identification accuracy of essential proteins. The existing methods usually aggregate DPIN into a singlelayer network and in which all nodes are sorted by their importance. This makes the dynamic information about proteins in multiple layers lost in the single layer, and thus affects the identification accuracy of essential proteins. This paper proposes a node ranking method based on multiple layers for DPIN to address the problem. First, we calculate the centrality values of all nodes for each time-specific layer, then work out the centrality score of each node by dividing the total of its centrality values across all layers by its layer activity, and finally sort the importance of all nodes by their centrality scores. Different from the methods based on single layer, our method makes full use of centrality values of each protein in time-specific layers, and thus can more effectively utilize the dynamic information of proteins than those methods based on single layer. To evaluate the effectiveness of the node ranking method based on multiple layers, we apply ten network-based centrality methods on multiple layers and compare the results with those on a single layer. Then the predictive performance of the ten centrality methods are validated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, F-measure and accuracy. The experimental results for the identification of essential proteins show that the node ranking method based on multiple layers is superior to those based on a single layer and can help to identify essential proteins more accurate.INDEX TERMS Essential proteins, dynamic protein interaction networks, multiple layers, centrality methods, node ranking.

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Section: B Network-based Centrality Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Node Ranking Method Based on Multiple Layers for Dynamic Protein Interaction Networks

Pan

Sun

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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“…It also opens the way to thrilling research challenges such as bringing network science and expertise into the domain of transporting and routing payments within Payment Networks, as explored in [30]. Major open problems include addressing the depletion of channel capacity, especially for the most loaded nodes in the center of the network, developing enhanced centrality-aware routing strategies [31], [32] and rebalancing techniques [33]. Here, blockchains can play as supporting external ledgers, similarly to how the Bitcoin blockchain supports the recording of the channels status in the Lightning Network.…”

Section: A Network Of Transaction Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Blockchain Definition to Clarify its Role for the Internet of Things

Ghiro

Restuccia

Basagni

et al. 2021

2021 19th Mediterranean Communication and Computer Networking Conference (MedComNet)

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The term blockchain is used for disparate projects, ranging from cryptocurrencies to applications for the Internet of Things (IoT). The concept of blockchain appears therefore blurred, as the same technology cannot empower applications with extremely different requirements, levels of security and performance. This position paper elaborates on the theory of distributed systems to advance a clear definition of blockchain allowing us to clarify its possible role in the IoT. The definition binds together three elements that, as a whole, delineate those unique features that distinguish the blockchain from other distributed ledger technologies: immutability, transparency and anonymity. We note that immutability-which is imperative for securing blockchains-imposes remarkable resource consumption. Moreover, while transparency demands no confidentiality, anonymity enhances privacy but prevents user identification. As such, we raise the concern that these blockchain features clash with the requirements of most IoT applications where devices are power-constrained, data needs to be kept confidential, and users to be clearly identifiable. We consequently downplay the role of the blockchain for the IoT: this can act as a ledger external to the IoT architecture, invoked as seldom as possible and only to record the aggregate results of myriads of local (IoT) transactions that are most of the time performed off-chain to meet performance and scalability requirements.

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“…It also opens the way to thrilling research challenges such as bringing network science and expertise into the domain of transporting and routing payments within Payment Networks, as explored in [175]. Major open problems include addressing the depletion of channel capacity, especially for the most loaded nodes in the center of the network, developing enhanced centrality-aware routing strategies [176,177], and rebalancing techniques [178][179][180].…”

Section: Network Of Transaction Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is a Blockchain? A Definition to Clarify the Role of the Blockchain in the Internet of Things

Ghiro¹,

Restuccia²,

Basagni³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The use of the term blockchain is documented for disparate projects, from cryptocurrencies to applications for the Internet of Things (IoT), and many more. The concept of blockchain appears therefore blurred, as it is hard to believe that the same technology can empower applications that have extremely different requirements and exhibit dissimilar performance and security. This position paper elaborates on the theory of distributed systems to advance a clear definition of blockchain that allows us to clarify its role in the IoT. This definition inextricably binds together three elements that, as a whole, provide the blockchain with those unique features that distinguish it from other distributed ledger technologies: immutability, transparency and anonimity. We note however that immutability comes at the expense of remarkable resource consumption, transparency demands no confidentiality and anonymity prevents user identification and registration. This is in stark contrast to the requirements of most IoT applications that are made up of resource constrained devices, whose data need to be kept confidential and users to be clearly known. Building on the proposed definition, we derive new guidelines for selecting the proper distributed ledger technology depending on application requirements and trust models, identifying common pitfalls leading to improper applications of the blockchain. We finally indicate a feasible role of the blockchain for the IoT: myriads of local, IoT transactions can be aggregated off-chain and then be successfully recorded on an external blockchain as a means of public accountability when required.

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Exact Distributed Load Centrality Computation: Algorithms, Convergence, and Applications to Distance Vector Routing

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

A Node Ranking Method Based on Multiple Layers for Dynamic Protein Interaction Networks

A Node Ranking Method Based on Multiple Layers for Dynamic Protein Interaction Networks

A Blockchain Definition to Clarify its Role for the Internet of Things

What is a Blockchain? A Definition to Clarify the Role of the Blockchain in the Internet of Things

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