Examination of DNA yield rates for different skeletal elements at increasing post mortem intervals

Mundorff, Amy Z.; Davoren, Jon

doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2013.08.001

Cited by 107 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…). In general, the DNA yields in this study are comparable or higher than reported for similar skeletal remains in previous studies (). Variation in DNA quantity between the technical replicates was observed (Table ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Evaluation Of A Powder‐Free DNA Extraction Method For Skeletal Remains

Harrel

Mayes

Gangitano

et al. 2018

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Bones are often recovered in forensic investigations, including missing persons and mass disasters. While traditional DNA extraction methods rely on grinding bone into powder prior to DNA purification, the TBone Ex buffer (DNA Chip Research Inc.) digests bone chips without powdering. In this study, six bones were extracted using the TBone Ex kit in conjunction with the PrepFiler® BTA™ DNA extraction kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific) both manually and via an automated platform. Comparable amounts of DNA were recovered from a 50 mg bone chip using the TBone Ex kit and 50 mg of powdered bone with the PrepFiler® BTA™ kit. However, automated DNA purification decreased DNA yield (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, short tandem repeat (STR) success was comparable across all methods tested. This study demonstrates that digestion of whole bone fragments is an efficient alternative to powdering bones for DNA extraction without compromising downstream STR profile quality.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Evaluation Of A Powder‐Free DNA Extraction Method For Skeletal Remains

Harrel

Mayes

Gangitano

et al. 2018

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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“…Although other studies have shown that metacarpals and metatarsals were successful for DNA testing, this result is somewhat unexpected. Mundorff and Davoren found these two elements were useful for STR analysis of modern skeletal remains and did not examine Sanger sequencing of mtDNA. It has been hypothesized that the success of metacarpals and metatarsals is due to the high degree of trabecular bone within the elements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of DNA from Skeletonized Postcranial Remains: A Discussion of Protocols and Testing Modalities

Edson

2019

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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This paper provides a retrospective of the DNA analysis performed by the Armed Forces Medical Examiner–Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory between 1990 and 2018. Over 13,000 postcranial osseous materials, comprised of wartime losses from World War II, the Korean War, and South‐East Asia, were examined by the following: mitochondrial DNA sequencing, a modified AmpFlSTR® Yfiler™, AmpFlSTR® MiniFiler™, PowerPlex® Fusion, or NGS. Four different DNA extraction protocols were used: incomplete demineralization coupled with an organic purification; complete demineralization with an organic purification; complete demineralization with an inorganic purification using QIAquick PCR Purification Kit; and a protocol designed specifically for use with next‐generation sequencing. In general, complete demineralization coupled with an organic purification was the optimal extraction protocol for sequencing of mitochondrial DNA, regardless of the osseous element tested. For STR testing, demineralization paired with an inorganic purification provided optimum results, regardless of kit used or osseous element tested.

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“…found there was a reduction in the amount of DNA in the first year after the death attributable to microbial attack regardless of environmental physical and chemical characteristics, and in subsequent years the amount stabilizes. Mundorff et al 44,. however, found that cancellous bones such as the phalanges, patellae and tarsals yielded 16-locus forensic DNA profiles more successfully than the dense cortical bones commonly favoured.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Microarray Analysis Applied to Bone Diagenesis

Mello

Silva

Alves

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Taphonomic processes affecting bone post mortem are important in forensic, archaeological and palaeontological investigations. In this study, the application of tissue microarray (TMA) analysis to a sample of femoral bone specimens from 20 exhumed individuals of known period of burial and age at death is described. TMA allows multiplexing of subsamples, permitting standardized comparative analysis of adjacent sections in 3-D and of representative cross-sections of a large number of specimens. Standard hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff and silver methenamine, and picrosirius red staining, and CD31 and CD34 immunohistochemistry were applied to TMA sections. Osteocyte and osteocyte lacuna counts, percent bone matrix loss, and fungal spheroid element counts could be measured and collagen fibre bundles observed in all specimens. Decalcification with 7% nitric acid proceeded more rapidly than with 0.5 M EDTA and may offer better preservation of histological and cellular structure. No endothelial cells could be detected using CD31 and CD34 immunohistochemistry. Correlation between osteocytes per lacuna and age at death may reflect reported age-related responses to microdamage. Methodological limitations and caveats, and results of the TMA analysis of post mortem diagenesis in bone are discussed, and implications for DNA survival and recovery considered.

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Examination of DNA yield rates for different skeletal elements at increasing post mortem intervals

Cited by 107 publications

References 13 publications

Evaluation Of A Powder‐Free DNA Extraction Method For Skeletal Remains

Evaluation Of A Powder‐Free DNA Extraction Method For Skeletal Remains

Extraction of DNA from Skeletonized Postcranial Remains: A Discussion of Protocols and Testing Modalities

Tissue Microarray Analysis Applied to Bone Diagenesis

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