Examination of the relationship between urban form and urban eco-efficiency in china

Liu, Yong; Song, Yu; Arp, Hans Peter H.

doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2011.08.001

Cited by 86 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Urban form can be defined as the spatial organisation and arrangement of human activities -it affects how cities grow and expand and how efficiently they are able to configure resources, land use, transport and infrastructure [10,12,16]. Previous studies have addressed a number of influencing factors which begin to explain the relation between urban form and CO 2 emissions [12,[17][18][19][20][21][22], particularly in terms of the effects of urban form on urban infrastructure [23], urban transportation [24], urban heat inland effects [25], carbon taxes [26], the energy efficiency of buildings [11] and residential energy demand [27], in addition to local climatic conditions. Pursuant to these previous studies, the impact of urban form on CO 2 emissions appears to be both significant and profound.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore quite remarkable that such a limited number of studies have engaged in the task of quantitatively estimating spatiotemporal changes in urban form, or have quantified the impact of urban growth and sprawl on CO 2 emissions. Although some studies have attempted to quantify urban form patterns by calculating ratios between two related variables (for instance, through the use of compactness ratios, elongation ratios and urban population density measures) [21], such research denies the process-based character of urban sprawl -which in fact evolves spatially -and further, it neglects the fundamental role played by the basic statistical unit (in terms of landscape metrics). These omissions are evident in the study of CO 2 emissions in Beijing conducted by Qin and Shao [35], who, whilst presenting a new method based on questionnaire data in relation to building and travel (a method which enabled them to estimate the direct CO 2 emissions of the residents of a given community), did not consider the land-use patterns and characteristics of their study area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changing urban forms and carbon dioxide emissions in China: A case study of 30 provincial capital cities

2015

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h i g h l i g h t sThe relationship between urban form and CO 2 emissions is investigated. A panel data model is used, taking the period 1990-2010. The growth of urban areas correlates positively with CO 2 emissions. Increases in urban continuity has an inhibitory effect on CO 2 emissions. Increased urban shape complexity exhibits a positive influence in relation to CO 2 emissions. a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c tUrban form is increasingly being recognised by scientists for the potential role it might play in the coordination of sustainable urban development and the reduction of CO 2 emissions. However, despite increasing interest in the morphology of cities in climate change science, few quantitative estimates have been made of the effects of urban form on CO 2 emissions. The goal of this study is to quantify this relation, using panel data for China's 30 provincial capital cities from 1990 to 2010. In order to meet this aim, we first selected a series of urban form indicators, which we quantified by applying spatial metrics to remotely sensed data. We then estimated CO 2 emission levels using a unified standard method recommended by the IPCC Guidelines, and subsequently performed a panel data analysis. The results of the study demonstrated a positive correlation between the growth of urban areas and CO 2 emission levels. Further, it was also found that increased ''urban continuity" led to reductions in CO 2 emissions and that, conversely, increased ''urban shape complexity" exerted a positive influence in relation to CO 2 emissions. The findings of this study indicate that measures to make existing cities in China more compact may in fact help to reduce levels of CO 2 emissions, just as increasing fragmentation or increased irregularity with respect to urban form may contribute to increased CO 2 emissions. If serious about achieving meaningful reductions in CO 2 emissions, decision makers and planners should take urban form into consideration when developing low-carbon cities in China.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing urban forms and carbon dioxide emissions in China: A case study of 30 provincial capital cities

2015

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“…Recognized metrics for measuring urban form present differing interpretations and generally depend on the objects of the study. However, the majority of research that parameterizes urban form tends to focus on compactness and sprawl (Tsai 2005;Wentz 2000;Colaninno et al 2011), with spatial measures of elongation and compactness being popular choice (Liu et al 2012). Hortas-Rico (Hortas-Rico and Solé-Ollé 2010) reported that Spanish municipalities with higher levels of urban sprawl lead to greater costs of local public services provision.…”

Section: Urban Formmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the Relationships between Urban Form and Urban Public Services Expenditure in China

Liu

2017

Administrative Sciences

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This econometric study contributes to the ongoing debate about the costs and benefits of urban form by employing interdisciplinary means-urban planning, econometrics and public administration-to explore the relationship between urban form and urban public services expenditure. In China, particularly, rapid urbanization is accompanied by an increase of urban public services expenditure and a difference in efficiency, which undermines the promotion of urban public service development. The Chinese government has paid great attention to urban sustainable development and promoting urban public services performance; however, until recently there has been a lack of empirical studies exploring the relationship between urban public services expenditure and urban form. Thus, the present research aims to analyze this issue by using relevant indicators based on an econometric model. The results provide a promising basis for improving urban public services expenditure efficiency. Based on the urban area interpreted by remote sensing data and geographic information system, two urban form metrics, the compactness ratio and the elongation ratio, are selected and quantified to describe urban compactness and urban sprawl accurately. Panel data analyses are performed using a cross-sectional dataset of the 30 cities for the years 2007, 2010 and 2013 to assess the likelihood of association between indicators of urban form and urban public services expenditure, while controlling for other determinants, such as educational level, income per capita, degree of industrialization, and unemployment rate. The results indicate that urban elongation is positively correlated to per capita urban public services expenditure and urban compactness is insignificantly correlated to it. Thus, it is recommended that policymakers consider the relationship between urban form and public services expenditure as part of urban planning and on-going strategies to promote public service efficiency.

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“…The optimization of industrial structures following energy restriction and energy conservation practices, urban planning and spatial optimization strategies are all shown to play an important role in the mitigation of CO 2 emissions [65][66][67]. Accordingly, an urban land use with a compact development pattern would help to reduce CO2 emissions through improving urban eco-efficiency and resource efficiency, such as commuting eco-efficiency [68,69]. Additionally, the implementation of ecological conservation could regulate the land allocation and the configuration in the CLU, such as a basic farmland protection policy and new construction land control.…”

Section: Granger Sausality Test: Integrated Economic Clu and Ecologmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Approach to Explore the Relationship Among Economic, Construction Land Use, and Ecology Subsystems in Zhejiang Province, China

Xia

Yan

et al. 2016

Sustainability

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Zhejiang Province, China is experiencing rapid urbanization, facing the challenge of coupling socioeconomic development and ecological conservation. This paper establishes a comprehensive index system to assess coordinating development of economic, construction land use (CLU), and ecology subsystems. A Granger test and a coupling coordination model were applied to explore the causal relationship and the coordinated development state among the three subsystems from 2000 to 2012. The results showed that: (1) changes in the integrated value of the economic subsystem were the Granger cause of changes in the ecology and CLU subsystems, and the changes in the integrated values of ecology and CLU was each other's Granger cause; (2) the coupling coordination relationship of the integrated value for economic-CLU-ecology was constrained by the relationship between the economic and the CLU subsystems from 2000 to 2004, and that between the ecology and the economic subsystems was the impediment of the sustainable development of economic-CLU-ecology from 2004 to 2012. This research helps to identify approach to sustainable development through analyzing synergistic effects, interdependencies, and trade-offs among the integrated economic-CLU-ecology values, and to make significant contribution to urban planning policies in rapid urbanization region.

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Examination of the relationship between urban form and urban eco-efficiency in china

Cited by 86 publications

References 24 publications

Changing urban forms and carbon dioxide emissions in China: A case study of 30 provincial capital cities

Changing urban forms and carbon dioxide emissions in China: A case study of 30 provincial capital cities

Examination of the Relationships between Urban Form and Urban Public Services Expenditure in China

An Integrated Approach to Explore the Relationship Among Economic, Construction Land Use, and Ecology Subsystems in Zhejiang Province, China

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