Examination on Brain Training Method: Effects of n-back task and dual-task

Sawami, Kazue; Katahata, Yukari; Suishu, Chizuko; Kamiyoshikawa, Tomiko; Fujita, Emi; Uraoka, Mika; Nishikawa, Hiroko

doi:10.12688/f1000research.10584.1

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, in the study of comparing the effects of positive feelings and negative feelings based on the neutral state, it had been reported that positive feelings expand the ranges of carefulness, thought, and actions while negative feelings reduce the ranges of thought and actions [5]. We had verified the relationship between eustress/distress and cognitive functions [6,7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Intellectual effects of delayed playback task and rhythmic activities

Sawami¹,

Nakagawa²,

Suishu³

2017

Ment Health Addict Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: We conducted preventive interventions for aging-associated cognitive decline (AACD), and compared cognitive ability before and after the intervention. Furthermore, an anteroposterior comparison of health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) and mood states was carried out between the intervention and control groups. We also determined the correlation between cognitive ability, HR-QOL, and mood state. Materials and methods:We recruited 100 elderly people by distributing public relations magazines and leaflets. For the first three months, the participants attended the seminar as a control period. In the subsequent three months, the intervention using the delayed playback task and rhythmic activities was carried out. The tool used to test cognitive ability was the Five Cognitive Functions (Five Cog), which was developed as a screening test of AACD. The tool used for measurement of HR-QOL was the WHO Quality of Life 26, while the Profile of Mood States-Brief form was used for measurement of mood states. Analysis was conducted with t-test corresponding to the comparison between the intervention group and the control group. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used for the relationship among each of test items. Result:The results of the Five Cog revealed that 60.4% had no cognitive impairments, 37.7% showed suspected AACD, and 1.9% showed suspected dementia. In the pre-post comparison of cognitive abilities, the total score significantly improved (p < 0.05). HR-QOL also improved overall and in terms of physical, psychological (p < 0.01), and social QOL (p < 0.05). For mood states, tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, fatigue-inertia, and confusion-bewilderment all showed reduced scores at post-test, while vigor-activity improved (p < 0.01). There were positive correlations between HR-QOL and cognitive ability in terms of the attention domain of cognitive ability and psychological QOL, and the reasoning domain and social QOL (p < 0.05). There were negative correlations between mood states and cognitive ability-between the reasoning domain of cognitive ability and tension-anxiety, and between the verbal fluency domain confusion-bewilderment (p < 0.05). Conclusion:Cognitive ability was positively related to psychological and social QOL, and negatively related to tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, and confusionbewilderment. Accordingly, a key aspect of interventions for AACD should be promotion of psychological stability and social interaction. This would apply to all such interventions that relate to the interventions for AACD.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Intellectual effects of delayed playback task and rhythmic activities

Sawami¹,

Nakagawa²,

Suishu³

2017

Ment Health Addict Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nor do they focus as much on the aspect that experience in multitasking can increase the ability to dual task ( Strobach et al, 2015 ) or that dual tasks are great to measure progress in novices but not experts ( Haji et al, 2015 ). Similarly, to the topic of experts, there can be confounding variables, for instance, response automatization ( van Nuland and Rogers, 2016 ) and age, in particular dementia, influencing the participants ( Toosizadeh et al, 2016 ; Sawami et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: The Lack Of Validity and Comparability In Dual-task Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Current View on Dual-Task Paradigms and Their Limitations to Capture Cognitive Load

Bijarsari

2021

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dual-task paradigms encompass a broad range of approaches to measure cognitive load in instructional settings. As a common characteristic, an additional task is implemented alongside a learning task to capture the individual’s unengaged cognitive capacities during the learning process. Measures to determine these capacities are, for instance, reaction times and interval errors on the additional task, while the performance on the learning task is to be maintained. Opposite to retrospectively applied subjective ratings, the continuous assessment within a dual-task paradigm allows to simultaneously monitor changes in the performance related to previously defined tasks. Following the Cognitive Load Theory, these changes in performance correspond to cognitive changes related to the establishment of permanently existing knowledge structures. Yet the current state of research indicates a clear lack of standardization of dual-task paradigms over study settings and task procedures. Typically, dual-task designs are adapted uniquely for each study, albeit with some similarities across different settings and task procedures. These similarities range from the type of modality to the frequency used for the additional task. This results in a lack of validity and comparability between studies due to arbitrarily chosen patterns of frequency without a sound scientific base, potentially confounding variables, or undecided adaptation potentials for future studies. In this paper, the lack of validity and comparability between dual-task settings will be presented, the current taxonomies compared and the future steps for a better standardization and implementation discussed.

show abstract

“…In addition, in the study of comparing the effects of positive feelings and negative feelings based on the neutral state, it had been reported that positive feelings expand the ranges of carefulness, thought, and actions while negative feelings reduce the ranges of thought and actions [9]. We had verified the relationship between eustress/distress and cognitive functions [10,11]. Therefore, we adopted music therapy to reduce distress and enhance eustress in the intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Verification of Preventive Effect of Dual-Task and N-Back Task- Incorporated Music Therapy against Dementia

Sawami¹,

Nakagawa²,

Katahata³

et al. 2017

Neurochem Neuropharm

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Alzheimer's dementia (AD) is the most dominant (more than 60%) in the whole dementia and the incidence of AD for people at age 65 years or older becomes twice with an increase in age by 5 years, so the development of countermeasures against it is an urgent issue. For improving cognitive functions, the effectiveness of dual-task (a task for which two different things are performed at the same time) and that of n-back task (a task for which delayed recall of a thing performed at n times ago is carried out) have been verified. In addition, we have also verified that distress has negative effects on cognitive functions. Hence, we started dual-task-and n-back task-incorporated intervention geared toward elderly people living in Kashihara-city. In this method, music therapy was adopted for the distress reduction and the eustress enhancement. The purposes of this study are to verify the preventive effect against dementia by the dual-task-and n-back task-incorporated music therapy and to measure the effect of music therapy on the distress reduction. In this study, the intervention group and the control group were compared during the intervention for three months. Methods:A screening test for mild cognitive impairment was carried out with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA test). Stress check was performed by collecting sublingual saliva and measuring α-amylase. Analysis was conducted with t-test corresponding to the comparison between the intervention group and the control group. Results:The intervention group showed significant improvement of cognitive functions and a decrease in distress, compared to the control group. Conclusion:The dual-task-and n-back task-incorporated music therapy improved cognitive functions and reduced distress. To verify this repeatedly to refine the technique and to accumulate effective programs are our future tasks.

show abstract

Examination on Brain Training Method: Effects of n-back task and dual-task

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Intellectual effects of delayed playback task and rhythmic activities

Intellectual effects of delayed playback task and rhythmic activities

A Current View on Dual-Task Paradigms and Their Limitations to Capture Cognitive Load

Verification of Preventive Effect of Dual-Task and N-Back Task- Incorporated Music Therapy against Dementia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About