Examining the Impact of Dimethyl Sulfide Emissions on Atmospheric Sulfate over the Continental U.S.

Sarwar, Golam; Kang, Daiwen; Henderson, Barron H.; Hogrefe, Christian; Appel, Wyat; Mathur, Rohit

doi:10.3390/atmos14040660

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…As a result, DMS emissions augment sulfate concentrations in the surface layer (Figure 10c) and have an impact aloft; however, the effect is more restrained in the lower troposphere. DMS was found to increase mean annual sulfate concentration over both seawater and land, with a larger impact observed over seawater [124].…”

Section: Interactions Between Salt Lake Aerosols and Climate Changementioning

confidence: 94%

Salt Lake Aerosol Overview: Emissions, Chemical Composition and Health Impacts under the Changing Climate

Abbas,

Yang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Atmosphere

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Salt Lakes, having a salt concentration higher than that of seawater and hosting unique extremophiles, are predominantly located in drought-prone zones worldwide, accumulating diverse salts and continuously emitting salt dust or aerosols. However, knowledge on emission, chemical composition, and health impacts of Salt Lake aerosols under climate change is scarce. This review delves into the intricate dynamics of Salt Lake aerosols in the context of climate change, pointing out that, as global warming develops and weather patterns shift, Salt Lakes undergo notable changes in water levels, salinity, and overall hydrological balance, leading to a significant alteration of Salt Lake aerosols in generation and emission patterns, physicochemical characteristics, and transportation. Linked to rising temperatures and intensified evaporation, a marked increase will occur in aerosol emissions from breaking waves on the Salt Lake surface and in saline dust emission from dry lakebeds. The hygroscopic nature of these aerosols, coupled with the emission of sulfate aerosols, will impart light-scattering properties and a cooling effect. The rising temperature and wind speed; increase in extreme weather in regard to the number of events; and blooms of aquatic microorganisms, phytoplankton, and artemia salina in and around Salt Lakes, will lead to the release of more organic substances or biogenic compounds, which contribute to the alteration of saline aerosols in regard to their quantitative and chemical composition. Although the inhalation of saline aerosols from Salt Lakes and fine salt particles suspended in the air due to salt dust storms raises potential health concerns, particularly causing respiratory and cardiovascular disease and leading to eye and skin discomfort, rock salt aerosol therapy is proved to be a good treatment and rehabilitation method for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is implied that the Salt Lake aerosols, at a certain exposure concentration, likely can delay the pathogenesis of silicosis by regulating oxidative stress and reducing interstitial fibrosis of the lungs. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of climate changes, chemical composition, and health aspects, advocating for a comprehensive and practical approach to address the challenges faced by Salt Lake aerosols in an ever-changing global climate.

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Section: Interactions Between Salt Lake Aerosols and Climate Changementioning

confidence: 94%

Salt Lake Aerosol Overview: Emissions, Chemical Composition and Health Impacts under the Changing Climate

Abbas,

Yang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Atmosphere

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“…S.6 (b)]. DMS chemistry not only enhances sulfate but also reduces pNO − 3 over oceanic areas (Zhao et al, 2021;Sarwar et al, 2023)…”

Section: Photolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Particulate Nitrate Photolysis on Air Quality Over the Northern Hemisphere

Sarwar,

Hogrefe,

Henderson

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The subsequent oxidation and conversion of DMS to SO 2 in the troposphere are crucial processes in generating and expanding sulfur-containing aerosols with the marine boundary layer (Sciare et al, 2000). These aerosols can also undergo long-range transport and affect background aerosol sulfate levels in continental regions (Sarwar et al, 2023). Further oxidation of SO 2 in the atmosphere results in the formation of non-marine sulfate aerosol (nss-SO 4 2-) (Vogt and Liss, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing spatio-temporal variations of dimethyl sulfide in the Yellow and East China Sea based on BP neural network

Guo,

Sun,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Dimethyl sulfide (DMS), an organic volatile sulfide produced from Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), exerts a significant impact on the global climate change. Utilizing published literature data spanning from 2005 to 2020, a BP neural network (BPNN) model of the surface seawater DMS in the Yellow and East China Sea (YECS) was developed to elucidate the influence of various marine factors on the DMS cycle. Results indicated that the six parameters inputted BPNN model, that include the time (month), latitude and longitude, sea-surface chlorophyll a (Chl-a), sea-surface temperature (SST), and sea-surface salinity (SSS), yielded the optimized simulation results (R2 = 0.71). The optimized estimation of surface seawater DMS in the YECS were proved to be closely aligned with the observed data across all seasons, which demonstrated the model’s robust applicability. DMS concentration in surface seawater were found to be affected by multiple factors such as Chl-a and SST. Comparative analysis of the three environmental parameters revealed that Chl-a exhibited the most significant correlation with surface seawater DMS concentration in the YECS (R2 = 0.20). This underscores the pivotal role of chlorophyll in phytoplankton photosynthesis and DMS production, emphasizing its importance as a non-negligible factor in the study of DMS and its sulfur derivatives. Furthermore, surface seawater DMS concentration in the YECS exhibited positive correlations with Chl-a and SST, while displaying a negative correlation with SSS. The DMS concentration in the YECS show substantial seasonal variations, with the maximum value (5.69 nmol/L) in summer followed in decreasing order by spring (3.96 nmol/L), autumn (3.18 nmol/L), and winter (1.60 nmol/L). In the YECS, there was a gradual decrease of DMS concentration from the nearshore to the offshore, especially with the highest DMS concentration concentrated in the Yangtze River Estuary Basin and the south-central coastal part off the Zhejiang Province. Apart from being largely composed by the release of large amounts of nutrients from anthropogenic activities and changes in ocean temperature, the spatial and temporal variability of DMS may be driven by additional physicochemical parameters.

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Examining the Impact of Dimethyl Sulfide Emissions on Atmospheric Sulfate over the Continental U.S.

Cited by 7 publications

References 58 publications

Salt Lake Aerosol Overview: Emissions, Chemical Composition and Health Impacts under the Changing Climate

Salt Lake Aerosol Overview: Emissions, Chemical Composition and Health Impacts under the Changing Climate

Impact of Particulate Nitrate Photolysis on Air Quality Over the Northern Hemisphere

Characterizing spatio-temporal variations of dimethyl sulfide in the Yellow and East China Sea based on BP neural network

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