Examining the Potential of Enzyme-Based Detergents to Remove Biofouling from Limestone Heritage

Schröer, Laurenz; Fiers, Géraldine; Deprez, Maxim; Boon, Nico; Cnudde, Veerle; Soens, Lander; Kock, Tim De

doi:10.3390/coatings12030375

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The sample of sandstone was well-crushed and analyzed with x-ray diffraction device (PW1710) Central laboratories of the Egyptian General Authority for Mineral Resources -Dokki-Giza-Egypt, to identify the mineralogical compositions of the stone sample based on studying the crystalline structure of the materials, their proportion and its damage 24 .…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kamel, W.K., Characterization and Treatment of Rock Inscriptions in Wadi Nasib in South Sinai, Egypt, Case Study , Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences , 8, 1, 2018, P.67.23Kamh, G., Klitzsch, N., Testing single and mixed resins for consolidating moderately weathered limestone of archaeological sites, new applied techniques, International Journal of Conservation Science, 9, 3, 2018, P.600 24. Al-Bawab, A., etal ., Consolidation of archaeological basalt stone: A new experimental protocol by using different dispersions formulation, International Journal of Conservation Science , 8, 2, 2017,P.189 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Restoration and conservation of the archaeological Islamic sandstone tombstones applied on a tombstone from the second Abbasid era in Egypt

El-Sayed¹

2023

مجلة کلیة الآثار . جامعة القاهرة

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The stone Islamic tombstones are one of the most important sources of dating, with their inscriptions in various Arabic calligraphies. This research aims to study Islamic sandstone tombstones with an application to a tombstone from the second Abbasid era in the Islamic history which is dated through the inscriptions on its surface and written in simple Kufic calligraphy, where this tombstone dates back to 272 AH and bears the name of its owner Ibrahim bin Suhaib. Sandstone samples from the tombstone were studied and examined by stereomicroscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and elemental analysis by the EDX unit, It was found through examination by microscopes that there is a weakness in the sandstone, it was noted through the analysis by Xray diffraction that the main compound is silicon dioxide (SiO2), and the presence of iron compounds was not clearly shown. As for the elemental analysis by EDX, it showed the presence of iron oxides within the sandstone components, which are highly susceptible to the presence of moisture and may have a partial dissolution. The restoration works were carried out for the tombstone, which bears No. 117 in the museumstore's register (Seven rooms museumstore -Al Fustat) , where the mechanical cleaning of the thick layers of dirt was carried out, as well as the chemical cleaning processes with a solution of ethyl alcohol and water to remove the mud stains ,consolidation processes were also carried out for the deteriorated sandstone by Wacker (OH) 100 at a concentration of 3%, and the final isolation was done by the same material, but with a concentration of 10%, with the aim of restoring and preserving it.

show abstract

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration and conservation of the archaeological Islamic sandstone tombstones applied on a tombstone from the second Abbasid era in Egypt

El-Sayed¹

2023

مجلة کلیة الآثار . جامعة القاهرة

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Enzymes (e.g., cellulases and proteases) are biological catalysts that degrade organic matter. These treatments are used under controlled conditions to ensure the enzymes target fungal contamination and preserve the monument [239]. Certain microorganisms (e.g., Streptomyces spp.…”

Section: Cleaning and Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Diversity and Heritage Degradation

Oliveira,

Reis,

Almaguer

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review resumes published data on fungal diversity in and within monuments (e.g., religious and secular monuments, museums, and statues), covering a multidisciplinary investigation into the complex interactions between fungi and cultural heritage structures. Fungi represent remarkable adversaries to monuments, potentially compromising their structural integrity and aesthetic value. Based on a bibliographic search of manuscripts published, the knowledge of fungal communities colonizing monuments was comprehensively assessed. This work first describes the diverse fungal species implicated in the degradation of monument materials (e.g., stone, metal, and glass). It elucidates the factors governing fungal colonization and proliferation in and within these structures (e.g., environmental conditions, construction materials, and human interventions). Finally, the efficacy of preservation and restoration techniques to mitigate fungal threats and safeguard our cultural heritage is also discussed. This synthesis highlights the pivotal role of mycological research in heritage conservation, and a platform for future studies to address critical knowledge gaps is provided. Understanding fungal diversity in and within monuments is critical to preserving these invaluable cultural treasures, as it informs targeted conservation strategies and ensures their longevity in the face of fungal challenges.

show abstract

Examining the Potential of Enzyme-Based Detergents to Remove Biofouling from Limestone Heritage

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Restoration and conservation of the archaeological Islamic sandstone tombstones applied on a tombstone from the second Abbasid era in Egypt

Restoration and conservation of the archaeological Islamic sandstone tombstones applied on a tombstone from the second Abbasid era in Egypt

Fungal Diversity and Heritage Degradation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About