Examining the Psychometric Properties of the Child PTSD Symptom Scale Within a Sample of Unaccompanied Immigrant Children in the United States

Hasson, Robert G.; Easton, Scott D.; Iriarte, Antonia Díaz-Valdés; O’Dwyer, Laura M.; Underwood, Dawnya; Crea, Thomas M.

doi:10.1080/15325024.2020.1777760

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For example, research indicates UC in the US have elevated rates of PTSD, depression, and anxiety (Berger Cardoso, 2018), and this finding is consistent with UC in other contexts, such as the United Kingdom (Bronstein, Montgomery, & Ott, 2013). In addition, research suggests UC present complex mental health challenges, including unique symptom profiles of PTSD (Hasson III et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Clocking in: Employment outcomes for unaccompanied refugee minors leaving foster care in the United States

Hasson

Crea

Easton

et al. 2021

Children and Youth Services Review

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Millions of people around the world experience forced displacement from their homes because of war, natural disaster, and political turmoil. A particularly vulnerable sub-group of this population includes children who migrate without parents or guardians, termed unaccompanied children (UC). In recent years, dramatic increases in the number of UC from the Central American countries of El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala have arrived to the US seeking asylum from violence and refuge from destitution. Yet, relatively little is known about outcomes for this population after their arrival. The current study uses a secondary analysis to explore employment outcomes for UC from El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and 23 other countries who exited the Office of Refugee Resettlement's Unaccompanied Refugee Minors Program in 2015 (N=187). Results indicate that each additional month in care increased the odds of being employed part-time or full-time at time of discharge by 3.2%. The odds of being employed parttime or full-time are 92.0% lower for UC from El Salvador, compared to UC from other countries. The results support immigration policy development that increases lengths of program duration for UC. Results also identify UC from El Salvador as particularly vulnerable to accessing employment opportunities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Clocking in: Employment outcomes for unaccompanied refugee minors leaving foster care in the United States

Hasson

Crea

Easton

et al. 2021

Children and Youth Services Review

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“…First, the Child PTSD Symptom Scale (CPSS-5) was used to examine trauma symptoms in a sample of UC. Results indicated UC exhibit trauma symptoms in three main domains, which diverges from the four domains identified in the DSM-5 (Hasson et al, 2020). Second, the Refugee Health Screener -15 (RHS-15) (Pathways to Wellness, 2011) was developed for and has been standardized for adult refugees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unaccompanied immigrant children in long‐term foster care: Identifying and operationalizing child welfare outcomes

Crea

Evans

López

et al. 2022

Child & Family Social Work

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The Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997 was developed with the goal of increasing the safety, permanency, and well‐being of children involved in U.S. child welfare systems. A growing number of unaccompanied immigrant children (UC) are being served in long‐term foster care (LTFC) under the auspices of the Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR). UC are placed in care because an appropriate sponsor is not available pending immigration hearings. Yet, the research literature has been silent on how outcomes for UC can be articulated and operationalized to guide policy and practice. This study fills this gap by exploring how safety, permanency and well‐being may be defined for this population. Seventy‐nine service providers working unaccompanied children in the Midwestern and Northeastern United States participated in 22 focus groups. Findings indicated that safety, permanency, and well‐being are fundamental for UC but include different aspects, such as emotional safety in addition to physical safety, the nuances of legal permanency and placement stability in addition to family reunification, and cultural integration as a factor of well‐being and mental health. This study's results can inform organizational data collection procedures, culturally relevant assessments, and a deeper understanding of the experiences of UC in foster care.

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“…; DSM-5)-Self-Report (CPSS-5-SR; Foa et al, 2018) and the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale-Short Version (RCADS-SV; Ebesutani et al, 2012) were chosen based on their psychometric properties and numerous validation studies as well as their previous use in universal school screenings. Regarding their use in Spanish-speaking populations, the psychometric properties of the original CPSS (i.e., based on criteria in the DSM-IV) have been evaluated in samples of youth in Chile (Bustos et al, 2009;Rincón et al, 2014) and Spain (Serrano-Ibáñez et al, 2018) as well as among youth of Latin American origin in the United States (Gudiño & Rindlaub, 2014;Kataoka et al, 2003;Meyer et al, 2015), including recent immigrants (Venta & Mercado, 2019) and unaccompanied minors (Hasson et al, 2020). When the present study was conducted, the CPSS for DSM-5 had not yet been validated for use with Spanish-speaking children.…”

Section: Selection and Adaptation Of Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pilot Trial of Universal School‐Based Mental Health Screening in El Salvador: Traumatic Stress in an Underresourced School Environment

Stewart

Villalobos

Dueweke

et al. 2021

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Salvadoran youth have an elevated risk of trauma exposure and related mental health problems. However, investigations of childhood trauma exposure and mental health sequelae in El Salvador are limited. The present study aimed to (a) explore the prevalence of exposure to potentially traumatic events and symptoms of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression and (b) evaluate the associations between specific trauma types and emotional functioning among Salvadoran youth. A total of 1,296 youth aged 8–21 years from seven public schools completed self‐report measures of trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), anxiety, and depression. Participants reported high levels of trauma exposure, endorsing an average of 3.62 (SD = 2.32) trauma types. In total, 34.5% of participants reported clinically elevated PTSS; fewer youths reported elevated depressive (8.7%) and anxiety symptoms (8.6%). Although boys reported exposure to more trauma types than girls, d = 0.22, girls were more likely to endorse elevated PTSS, V = .11; anxiety, V = .06; and depression, V = .10. Adolescents reported exposure to more trauma types than younger children, d = 0.23, and were more likely to endorse elevated PTSS, V = .07; anxiety, V = .13; and depression, V = .16. Undergoing a frightening medical procedure, OR = 2.30; female sex, OR = 1.92; witnessing domestic violence, OR = 1.70; and experiencing war between gangs, OR = 1.61, were strong predictors of elevated PTSS. This broad, school‐based screening was a critical step toward better understanding the rate of trauma exposure and trauma‐related symptoms among Salvadoran youth.

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Examining the Psychometric Properties of the Child PTSD Symptom Scale Within a Sample of Unaccompanied Immigrant Children in the United States

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Clocking in: Employment outcomes for unaccompanied refugee minors leaving foster care in the United States

Clocking in: Employment outcomes for unaccompanied refugee minors leaving foster care in the United States

Unaccompanied immigrant children in long‐term foster care: Identifying and operationalizing child welfare outcomes

A Pilot Trial of Universal School‐Based Mental Health Screening in El Salvador: Traumatic Stress in an Underresourced School Environment

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