“…The dark currents are as low as 42 fA at 0 V bias and 86 fA at 5 V bias, suggesting that the foundation of heterojunction provides a narrow channel for free carriers to transfer from one metal electrode to another without UV irradiation. [
40 ] With the illumination of 254 nm UV light (170 µW cm −2 ), the photocurrents proliferate to 0.16 nA at 0 V bias and 2.32 nA at 5 V bias, resulting in a high I photo / I dark ratio of 3.81 × 10 3 at 0 V bias and 2.70 × 10 4 at 5 V bias due to the wider depletion width. [
40 ] The responsivity (R) is an important index of a photodetector, calculated by the formula: [ 1 ]
where P represents the light power intensity, and S represents the effective irradiation area.…”