Excess weight and dyslipidemia and their complications during pregnancy: a systematic review

Abstract

Objectives: to identify bibliographically disorders related to excess weight, dyslipidemia and their complication during pregnancy and in the fetus and newborn. Methods: a systematic review including observational and interventional studies and reviews, based on MEDLINE, LILACS, Embase and the Cochrane Library between 2000 and 2015. The key-words "lipids, pregnancy, obesity and newborn" were used to establish a selective stage for inclusion/exclusion of titles, repeated studies, key-words, abstracts, methodological incompatibility and correlation with objectives. Results: 58 studies were selected, of which 36 (62%) addressed prevention and the risk in pregnancy of excess weight and lipid disorders and 19 (32.7%) suggestions and/or consequences for the fetus and newborn. Conclusions: excess weight and lipidemic disorders in pregnancy are causes for concern in scientific studies, posing risks both for the mother and the newborn. Higher prevalence of caesarian and pre-eclampsia were the two most noteworthy complications for gestational outcomes. In short, the impact on care of maternal habits and excess weight during pregnancy is highly significant, owing to the different degrees of complication in obstetric outcomes and their influence on the clinical characteristics of the newborn.

Acute Postexercise Change in Circulating Irisin Is Related to More Favorable Lipid Profile in Pregnant Women Attending a Structured Exercise Program and to Less Favorable Lipid Profile in Controls: An Experimental Study with Two Groups

“…The defense mechanism could show itself for instance in blocking the postexercise production of irisin, if necessary, in order not to activate AMPK. Although pathological dyslipidemia may lead to complications during gestation [ 6 ], extremely low TC, HDL, and LDL may increase the risk of preterm delivery [ 46 ].…”

“…The increase in lipids in pregnancy is a physiological condition, principally because of changes in hormones during the trimesters of gestation. However, pathological levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, called dyslipidemia, are associated with gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, preterm birth and other adverse outcomes such as low birth weight, or risk of macrosomia [ 6 ]. Therefore, preventing dyslipidemia during gestation, inter alia through regular physical activity, seems important.…”

Maternal dyslipidaemic diet induces sex-specific alterations in intestinal function and lipid metabolism in rat offspring

“…Dyslipidaemia, which is characterised by altered levels of circulating lipids and lipoproteins in organisms, may have a genetic or environmental aetiology and mainly affects sedentary individuals with inadequate eating habits ( 6 ) . These changes in lipid levels may also affect pregnant women and infants, by whom predisposition to disease may be acquired before or during pregnancy ( 7 ) as well as be a consequence of maternal overweight ( 8 , 9 ) .…”