Excessive Maternal Weight Gain During Pregnancy and Being Overweight at 17 Years of Age. † 656

Seidman, Daniel S.; Laor, Arie; Shemer, Jeoshua; Gale, Rena; Stevenson, David K.

doi:10.1203/00006450-199604001-00678

Cited by 8 publications

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“…Consistent with several previous studies, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] we have shown that greater maternal weight gain during pregnancy is associated with greater BMI in offspring. This association was independent of a number of potential confounding and mediating factors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Key Words: blood pressure Ⅲ cardiovascular diseases Ⅲ epidemiology Ⅲ obesity Ⅲ pregnancy Ⅲ young adult A number of studies have examined the association between maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) and later body mass index (BMI) or obesity in offspring, with all but one of them 1 finding an association between greater weight gain during pregnancy and greater mean BMI or increased risk of obesity in offspring. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] In 2 studies able to adjust for potential confounding factors, this association appears to be robust to adjustment for indicators of socioeconomic position, maternal prepregnancy or early pregnancy BMI, and infant birth size. 3,4 In by far the largest study to date (a record linkage study of 165 130 children, currently published only in abstract form), the effect was modified by maternal prepregnancy BMI, with an effect only among underweight/normal weight mothers.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] In 2 studies able to adjust for potential confounding factors, this association appears to be robust to adjustment for indicators of socioeconomic position, maternal prepregnancy or early pregnancy BMI, and infant birth size. 3,4 In by far the largest study to date (a record linkage study of 165 130 children, currently published only in abstract form), the effect was modified by maternal prepregnancy BMI, with an effect only among underweight/normal weight mothers.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Associations of Gestational Weight Gain With Offspring Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure at 21 Years of Age

et al. 2009

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Background-Maternal weight gain in pregnancy is positively associated with offspring body mass index (BMI) and obesity risk in childhood, but whether this increased risk extends into adulthood or results in increases in other cardiovascular risk factors such as elevated blood pressure (BP) is unclear. Methods and Results-We used a population-based birth cohort of 2432 individuals (50% male) born in Brisbane, Australia, between 1981 and 1983 to prospectively examine the association between maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) and offspring BMI and BP at 21 years. On average, each mother gained 14.8 kg (SD, 5.1 kg) during her pregnancy. At 21 years of age, offspring mean BMI, systolic BP, and diastolic BP were 24.2 kg/m 2 (SD, 4.9 kg/m 2 ), 116.4 mm Hg (SD, 14.5 mm Hg), and 67.7 mm Hg (SD, 8.5 mm Hg), respectively. Offspring BMI was on average 0.3 kg/m 2 (95% confidence interval, 0.1 to 0.4 kg/m 2 ) higher for each 0.1-kg/wk greater GWG after adjustment for potential confounding factors. Systolic BP also was greater (0.2 mm Hg per 0.1 kg; 95% confidence interval, Ϫ0.2 to 0.6) in offspring whose mothers had higher GWG. Although this association was not statistically significant, it was consistent in magnitude with the association of maternal GWG with offspring BMI and of offspring BMI with BP. Conclusions-Our findings show that greater GWG is associated with greater offspring BMI into early adulthood and that this may translate into higher systolic BP in offspring. Further large studies are required to confirm an effect of GWG on a range of offspring cardiovascular risk factors. Key Words: blood pressure Ⅲ cardiovascular diseases Ⅲ epidemiology Ⅲ obesity Ⅲ pregnancy Ⅲ young adult A number of studies have examined the association between maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) and later body mass index (BMI) or obesity in offspring, with all but one of them 1 finding an association between greater weight gain during pregnancy and greater mean BMI or increased risk of obesity in offspring. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] In 2 studies able to adjust for potential confounding factors, this association appears to be robust to adjustment for indicators of socioeconomic position, maternal prepregnancy or early pregnancy BMI, and infant birth size. 3,4 In by far the largest study to date (a record linkage study of 165 130 children, currently published only in abstract form), the effect was modified by maternal prepregnancy BMI, with an effect only among underweight/normal weight mothers. 7 A recent study by Wrotniak and colleagues 8 based on a retrospective cohort study of 10 226 participants also found that the association between GWG and offspring overweight at 7 years of age was strongest for women who were underweight before pregnancy. However, other studies either have not examined this interaction or have had too little statistical power to detect it. 4 Clinical Perspective p 1727The majority of studies to date have examined associations with offspring BMI assessed in childhood or adolescence. From a public health persp...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Associations of Gestational Weight Gain With Offspring Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure at 21 Years of Age

et al. 2009

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“…Additional preliminary studies, presently published in abstract form only, have suggested that the direct association of higher weight gain with offspring obesity persists into adulthood. (27)(28)(29) Some preliminary studies have reported a U or J-shaped association, with greater overweight risks with the lowest and highest maternal gains, especially in women with lower pre-pregnancy BMI. (29,30) In the present analysis, an initial U-shaped association became linear after adjustment for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Gestational Weight Gain and Offspring Weight in Adolescence

Oken

Rifas‐Shiman

Field

et al. 2009

Obstetric Anesthesia Digest

107

132

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Objective-To study associations of maternal gestational weight gain with offspring weight status in adolescence.Methods-We surveyed 11,994 adolescents aged 9-14 enrolled in the Growing Up Today Study cohort and their mothers, members of the Nurses' Health Study II. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression to study associations of gestational weight gain with offspring adiposity.Results-Mean (SD) gestational weight gain was 31.5 (11.2) pounds and offspring BMI z-score (BMI standardized for age and sex) was 0.15 (1.0) units; 6.5% of adolescents were obese (BMI greater than or equal to the 95 th percentile). Gestational gain was linearly associated with adolescent adiposity: compared with 20-24 pounds, gain less than 10 pounds was associated with child BMI z-score 0.25 units lower (95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.47, −0.04), and gain greater than or equal to 45 pounds with BMI z-score 0.18 units higher (95% CI: 0.11, 0.25). Compared with women with adequate gain according to 1990 Institute of Medicine guidelines, women with excessive gain had children with higher BMI z-scores (0.14 units, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.18) and risk of obesity (odds ratio 1.42, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.70). The predicted prevalence of term low birth weight declined modestly across the range of gain (2% for gain less than 10 pounds, 1% for gain greater than or equal to 45 pounds), whereas term high birth weight increased dramatically with higher gain (10% for gain less than 10 pounds, 35% for gain of greater than or equal to 45 pounds).Conclusion-Gestational weight gain is directly associated with BMI and risk of obesity in adolescence. Revised gestational weight gain guidelines should account for influences on child weight.

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“…Three additional studies published to date as abstracts only have supported an association between gestational weight gain and offspring overweight, 31-33 although 2 include data on pregnancies that occurred over 30 years ago to mothers who were generally not overweight. 32,33 No published study has reported on direct measures of adiposity such as skinfold thickness or physiologic sequelae of excess adiposity such as blood pressure, or has categorized weight gain according to the currently used Institute of Medicine guidelines.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestational weight gain and child adiposity at age 3 years

Oken

Taveras

Kleinman

et al. 2007

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

673

571

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OBJECTIVE-The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of gestational weight gain with child adiposity.STUDY DESIGN-Using multivariable regression, we studied associations of total gestational weight gain and weight gain according to 1990 Institute of Medicine guidelines with child outcomes among 1044 mother-child pairs in Project Viva. CONCLUSION-New recommendations for gestational weight gain may be required in this era of epidemic obesity. RESULTS-

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Excessive Maternal Weight Gain During Pregnancy and Being Overweight at 17 Years of Age. † 656

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Associations of Gestational Weight Gain With Offspring Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure at 21 Years of Age

Associations of Gestational Weight Gain With Offspring Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure at 21 Years of Age

Maternal Gestational Weight Gain and Offspring Weight in Adolescence

Gestational weight gain and child adiposity at age 3 years

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